The Determination And Study On The Influencing Factors Of Commercially Available PCMs Aluminum Residue

Objective: In recent years,as the green herb increasingly favored by people,harmful metal in traditional Chinese medicine residue has attracted more and more attention.With the rapid development of modern science, effects of aluminum on human health is gradually revealed. According to the study, exceed the standard content of aluminum in the human body can lead to tissue and organ damage, specific performance of the central nervous system damage in the blood and cardiovascular system damage, can induce or aggravate, senile dementia, as well as the direct interference of bone mineralization and bone like tissue mature etc. More research on aluminum enrichment and report on the human body harm, the aluminum residue in traditional Chinese medicine is also an important limit.In traditional Chinese medicine aluminum pollution is affected by many factors. The growth of Chinese herbal medicines because of the rapid development of industry and agriculture pollution, harvest, processing, packaging, storage, transport of materials, process of Chinese herbal medicines, pesticides, fertilizer and planting process, are likely to cause the Chinese herbal medicine of residual aluminium content exceed the standard. Therefore,determination and the influencing factors of the gradually important aluminum residue in traditional Chinese Medicine. Because of the complex components of the traditional Chinese medicine, the pretreatment method for traditional Chinese medicine in exploration stage. In this experiment, the commonly used commercially available PCMs Huoxiang Zhengqi as the research object, establishing Chinese medicine pre-treatment method for determination of aluminum content, optimized by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The experimental conditions of the determination of aluminum content, and on the basis of the experimental method, the different batches and different forms of Huoxiang Zhengqi aluminum residue was determined, thus further analysis of effect of different areas, different formulations and different preparation methods on the medicine caused by aluminum residue.Methods: Part 1 To establish the Method for Determining the Pretreatment Methods of traditional Chinese medicines and Chinese patent medicine to establish aluminum residueFirst, Before the proprietary Chinese medicine tradition method dry ashing, wet digestion, extraction, and so on, but mostly consumed for a long time, cause pollution and loss of elements to be measured. In view of the traditional processing method of proprietary Chinese medicines before the shortcomings, this experiment selected the new pretreatment method of microwave digestion method, this method is fast, less reagent consumption, environmental protection, low pollution to environment, short extraction time, easy operation and control, low blank value, the rate of recovery is also very good.In the experiment of dosage form more Huoxiang Zhengqi Chinese pills, tablets, which could not satisfy the requirements of the microwave digestion experiment, are required to grind, obtain uniform fine powder, preparing experiment with. In the experiment, the composition of MOS grade nitric acid hydrogen peroxide digestion solution, different proportion of nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide by comparison, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide composition by 3ml 2ml digestion solution, microwave digestion instrument in the temperature control mode is divided into three stages, the samples were digested to obtain clarification, almost eliminating solution. The pretreatment method is also applicable to the pills, granules and other most Chinese medicine formulations.Second, according to the previous reports, At present on the content of aluminum residue determination of many methods, such as atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, chrome azurol S colorimetry, Na2 EDTA titration, Chromazurol S-OP spectrophotometric method, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry determination, and in recent years through the optimization of the ultrasonic acid leaching time sensitive line of graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry(GFAAS) and so on The determination of aluminium content, instrument analysis method of high sensitivity, good selectivity, and more accurate for the determination of trace aluminium.This experiment was applied to the determination of aluminum residue content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and graphite furnace. Spectrophotometric Determination of Chinese patent medicine by Z-2000 atoms of Huoxiang Zhengqi Hitachi experiment samples, the determination wavelength after comparison and optimization uses the secondary sensitivity line 257.5nm, the wavelength of the blank value is very low, less interference, it can meet the requirements of the experiment better. Al most sensitive line 394.4nm sensitivity is also good, by comparison, the most sensitive line of aluminum were measured at the great influence by the external environment, reagent, water testing factors, the blank value is greater, the accurate determination of aluminum concentration effect.In addition, the graphite tube in the process of heating, the sample easily by heating bumping causes losses, because the temperature is too low will cause the sample drying is not complete, then cause the accuracy in the ashing stage sample splash and the measurement results and reproducible decrease. At the same time, to ensure the sample fully dry and not loss, this study selected the two drying method and the appropriate extension of drying time, selection of(80 ~ 80 DEG C, 1 s + 10 s(80 ~220) and C, 30 s+ 5 s) drying effect is very good.Furthermore, the best selection of the ashing temperature, atomization temperature and time is also of importance, these factors in the process of experiment can ensure the sample in without sacrificing do interference except as may be, to prolong the service life of the Shi Moguan. Experiments show that choosing two ashing effect is good, that is, at lower temperature(700 C 220~, 10 s+ 10 s) for ashing. Part 2 From Different Manufacturers, with Different Dosage Form,Batch Study on Residual effect of aluminum on proprietary Chinese medicinesThere are many factors affecting aluminum residue in Chinese traditional medicine, TCM samples treated by microwave digestion method, residual determination of aluminium by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, Experimental determination of each of the 3 different manufacturers of 5 different batches of cablin righteousness pills, 3 different manufacturers of 3 different batches of Jiawei Huoxiang Zhengqi pills, 3 different manufacturers of 3 different batches of Huoxiangzhengqi tablets, as well as a manufacturer of 3 different batches of new dosage form of Huoxiang Zhengqi dripping pills aluminum residue content, obtained the data systematically, makes a comprehensive analysis of the data system.By comparing the experimental results analysis data, the average level of using alum concocted Pinellia as a raw material for Huoxiang Zhengqi pills aluminum residue content was higher than using other forms of pinellia tuber as raw material, and because the preparation process than oral liquid, drop pill preparation technology is relatively complex, using the tablet of pinellia tuber as raw materials accessories increased, the pollution probability increases, the content of aluminum is also relatively high. Chinese patent medicine manufacturers of aluminum content larger production scale and technology more advanced production should also be relatively low, so the different manufacturers of Chinese medicine aluminum content also has certain influence. Chinese medicine different batches of the same manufacturer of residual aluminum content also has difference, shows that in the conditions of production and preparation process under the same conditions, raw material for aluminum residue will also have certain influence.Results: Microwave experiment with MOS composed of nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide digestion solution, the 3 ml of nitric acid, 2 ml of hydrogen peroxide digestion liquid, microwave digestion instrument in temperature control mode, the pre-treatment in three phases are nearly clear liquid. The pretreatment method also applies to most proprietary Chinese medicine formulations including dropping pill, granules.Using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometric method for the determination of residual aluminum content. Experiments by Hitachi Z- 2000 atomic spectrophotometer measured samples, determine wavelengths(30 s + 5 s) drying effect is very good, ashing stage select secondary ashing method effect is good, which in low temperature(220 ~ 700 ℃, 10 s + s) ashing.Samples of each manufacturer of aluminum residue content see table 4, 5, 6, 7.Conclusion: Alum processing is an important factor causing the high aluminum residue in Chinese traditional patent medicine cablin righteousness pills, but the complexity of the preparation process, the probability of accessories to add increased aluminum pollution. Therefore, various aspects of Chinese patent medicine preparation may cause pollution of aluminium, effects of preparation process of the larger.This study has established Chinese medicine aluminum residue determination is pretreatment method and the optimization of the experimental conditions for the determination of proprietary Chinese medicines by Graphite Furnace- residual aluminum content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and influence factors of ring main influencing Chinese medicine Huoxiang Zhengqi aluminum residue through data analysis, the analysis of different manufacturers use different raw materials, different the preparation process, different forms of residual influence on aluminum. Aluminium-determination of residues of proprietary Chinese medicines so as to provide a better experiment method and data support.