| Research BackgroundThe CPC central Committee and the State Council have paid more attention to the system construction of public health after the outbreak of SARS. A new task has been explicitly set to strengthen the system of disease control and prevention. As an important part of the system, the laboratory equipments and inspection ability are not only fundamental to CDC operation, but also provide technical supports to the disposal of public health emergency. This study aims to evaluate the allocation of hygiene inspection resources and inspection ability of the CDCs in Shanghai, in order to enhance their professional performance.ObjectiveThrough a complete and systematical research on the human resource, infrastructure construction, laboratory equipment and inspection capacity in the institutions of disease control and prevention in Shanghai, a reasonable evaluation on these institutions’capacity will be made, which should be helpful to discuss and summarize the result and experience in the process of public health system construction. Both theoretical basis of further consummation of public health system and institutions transformation, and evidence-based pattern of public health institutions capacity-building, will be found upon the discussion.MethodsThe study mainly adopted such methods as document research, questionnaire, expert consultation, compared research. All the data will be aggregated in Excel 2007 and set up a database. The statistical analysis will be finished inSPSS19 and SAS 9.Research results(1) Human ResourceThe number of the employees of 18 CDCs in Shanghai reached 2863 in 2012, which indicated a slight decline since 2009.18.81% of the staff held the postgraduate degree at the municipal organizations and 47.03% graduate degree.13.26% held the postgraduate degree and 53.82% graduate at the branches of districts and countries. Most of the employees had primary and intermediate professional titles.29.23% got intermediate titles and 31.69% primary titles at the municipal organizations.36.37% got intermediate titles and 38.63% primary titles at the district and country level. Compared to 2009, the number of highly-educated and highly ranked went up. The team has moved along the path of professionalization and being younger.(2) Lab ConstructionAccording to the lab construction standard in ((National Standard for Construction of Center for Disease Control and Prevetion》 issued by the Ministry of Health in 2010, the municipal CDC lab meets the requirements of provincial standard in 2012. The DCDs in 5 central cities and 5 districts meet the requirements as well. The rate of standard-obtained reached 58.8%. The difference of lab proportion is huge among CDCs in districts. The highest rate of lab proportion reached 46.59%, while the lowest 22.59% which was nearly half of the highest. The average rate of lab proportion was a little higher in districts than central city.(3) Lab EquipmentsThe number of lab equipments in CDCs is much larger than the national standard. There are 29 to 37 types of equipments in CDCs in 17 districts. The possession rate reaches from 74% to 97% and running rate reaches from 64% to 100%.The number of lab equipments in CDCs in districts is 1.6 times of the ones in central city. The municipal CDC possess 92 types of equipments out of 97 which is the national standard. The possession rate reaches 94.85% and running rate reaches 98.13%, which indicates the efficient allocation of resources.(4) Investigation CapacityThere was an obvious improvement in investigation capacity of CDCs at each level. The operation rate reached 87.86% in municipal CDCs projects, which was 2.86% higher than the provincial standard. The average number of projects climbed from 88 to 100 in CDC in districts while operation rate climbed from 75.22% to 84.85%,9% higher than 2009. The quality of projects operation differed among districts. The average number of investigation project reached 101.5 in CDCs in central city and 99 in districts. The operation rate reached 86.02% in central city, by 2.01% higher than the districts.Conclusion:The technical personnel of the CDCs in Shanghai has not yet formed a reasonable echelon and the personnel structure remains to be further improved. The professionals should be drawn, recruited and trained according to the specific requirements of public health in Shanghai. The standard of resource allocation and personnel recruitment should be set at first priority. Also re-construction of personnel and motivation system should be settled in no time in order to optimize the human resource in existing public health system.Compared with overseas counterparts, CDCs in Shanghai possess a large number of equipments and high project operation rate, which, however, is far away from enough to the needs of public health service. At the district area, the investigation capacity is limited due to functional orientation, economic progress and different personnel quality, and needs to be further improved.Solutions and suggestionsThis research deeply studied the contradictories and problems of public health, and revealed the effect and problems in public health construction in institutions of disease control and prevention in Shanghai. We expected this study could contribute to the reform and development of Shanghai public health service, to raise suggestions and measures as follows (1) Strengthen training of compound talents and reasonably allocate public health resource, (2) Gravitate and stable high quality public health personnel. (3) Set up stable and eligible input mechanism and establish long-term finance support system. (4)Stengthen publich health laboratory capacity-building and continuously ipmove the technical capacity of disease control angency. (5) Integrate the resources and use the advantages of regional to construct the laboratory of regional features. (6) Build the regional public health laboratory network and strengthen the communication and coordination with external technical angency. |
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