Survey On Cognitive Function And Its Influencing Factors Of Geriatrics Chinese

BackgroundWhile aging population and aging society have been an indisputable fact globally, a series of related problems become a public health problem around the world. According to the WHO report in April2012, there were35.6million people with dementia and this population will increase by three times in2050,58%of which come from undeveloped and developing countries. The enormous group has brought unprecedented pressure to the society and hindered the economic development.ObjectiveTo analyze the prevalence, incidence and impact factors of cognitive impairment in people aged60and above in China’s22provinces;to give proposals on how to improve elder’s life quality life and to provide scientific theory on policy making.MethodsWe used the data of "Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey" by Peking University in2005-2008. In this study, mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was used to diagnose cognitive impairment, the data in2005was used as baseline. After3years of follow-up, we described the prevalence, incidence of cognitive impairment and to ananlyse its impact factors of with the data in2008.SPSS20.0statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Count data was analyzed by the xT test. We applied two Logistic regression for multivariate analysis, cognitive impairment (MMSE score>24points was considered as impaired cognitive function) was defined as dependent variable, while age, years of education, previous occupation, marital status, overweight, obesity, sleeping quality, intake of fruits, vegetables, meat, fish, pickles, sugar, egg, leisure activities, the ADL, self-assessment of life satisfaction, self-rated health status, and hypertension, heart disease as independent variables. We conducted a prospective nested case-control study in the elders who were cognitively normal in2005and still alive in2008to analyze the influencing factors of cognitive impairment.Results1. Prevalence of cognitive impairment:we enrolled15,424subjects in2005, and the average age was86.1±11.7year sold. The prevalence of cognitive impairment negative, mild, moderate and severe was62.4%,12.6%,9.0%,15.9%respectively; prevalence was74.5%,9.7%,6.3%,9.8%respectively and53.5%,14.9%,16.2%,43.3%in female. From residence perspective, the perspective were65.3%,10.5%,7.8%,16.3%in the city and in rural areas61.4%,13.3%,9.4%,15.8%in the rural areas.2. Impact factors of cognitive impairment:aging,BMI24.0-27.9kg/m2, BMI>28kg/m2,interaction of age and sex, excessive consumption of sugar, eggs and meat, poor sleeping, stroke and cerebrovascular disease are risk factors for cognitive impairment, the OR (95%CI) values were1.83(1.74～1.93),1.70(1.41～2.04),1.35(1.01～1.81),1.01(1.00～1.02),1.18(1.08～1.28),1.20(1.06～1.36),1.16(1.03～1.30),1.20(1.04～1.37),1.26(1.09～1.46); male, non-farm, education of a long time, with spouse, intake of fruits, vegetables, fish, self-care, participation in leisure activities, high self-assessment of life satisfaction, high self-rated health status are Protective factors, the OR (95%CI) values were0.42(0.19～0.90),0.82(0.71～0.94),0.63(0.56～0.70),0.41(0.37～0.46),0.81(0.74～0.89),0.57(0.51～0.64),0.82(0.74～0.91),0.40(0.36～0.45),0.41(0.37～0.45),0.31(0.27～0.36),0.51(0.45～0.57).3. Impact factors of cognitive impairment:aging(OR:1.52;95%CI:1.29～1.79), poor sleeping(OR:1.77;95%CI:1.36～2.29), interaction of age and sex(OR:1.03;95%CI:1.02～1.04) are risk factors for cognitive impairment; non-farm (OR:0.74;95%CI:0.62～0.89), education for a long time (OR:0.70;95%CI:0.56～0.72), regular intake of fruit (OR:0.61;95%CI:0.51～0.72), fish (OR:0.84;95%CI:0.71～0.99), participation in leisure activities(OR:0.67;95%CI:0.54～0.83) were protective factors.ConclusionThe prevalence of cognitive impairment in elders aged60and above in China’s22provinces is rising, the manifestations are as follows:number of people without cognitive impairment decreased and cognitive impairment increased. As aging, the incidence of cognitive impairment goes up especially in elders aged80and above. The incidence of male is lower than female, and that in city is lower than that in rural region. The shared protective factors of cognitive impairment prevalence and incidence are:male, education for a long time, non-farm, regular intake of fruit, fish and participation in leisure activities; its risk factors are aging, poor sleeping, poor self-care according to the ADL, interaction of age and sex. The protective factors of cognitive impairment prevalence are with spouse, high self-assessment of life satisfaction and self-rated health, regular intake of vegetables; its risk factors are BMI24.0-27.9kg/m2, BMI≥28kg/m2, excessive consumption of sugar, eggs and meat, stroke and cerebrovascular disease. In total, enhancing cognitive training, establishing healthy lifestyle, maintaining healthy dietary structure, improving the life quality and reducing the risk of stroke and cerebrovascular disease are the main means to prevent cognitive impairment.