Study On Geographical Distribution And Detection Pathogeny Of Ticks, North Of Xinjiang

Object：Tick-borne diseases were transmitted by ticks refers to certain types of viruses, bacteria andparasites that cause a range of diseases, widespread in the world. Tick-borne diseases are highly prevalentin Xinjiang, China. However, little comprehensive information exists on the tick species and pathogensgenotype abundance among ticks in this area. And no detection of a relatively simple method. In this study,the corresponding geographical distribution of ticks and the carry situation of pathogens in northernXinjiang. To laid the foundation for the study of genetic polymorphism and evolutionary relationships ofticks and tick-borne pathogens.Methods：⑴We collected ticks at19sampling sites belonging to14counties in northern Xinjiang.Through comprehensive morphology, mitochondrial16S rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit Ⅰanalysis to identify the species of ticks which we collected the situation of distribution.⑵Combined withpathogens detected and cultivated, nested PCR to detect tick vector pathogens. Genotype of isolatedpathogens was determined by Sequencing and phylogenic analysis. With the purpose of survey thepathogens carrying rate of ticks.Results: Totally, with the traditional morphological and molecular analysis,4711hard ticks belonging totwo subfamily, four genera and seven species were collected. Those were obtained Hyalomma asiaticumasiaticum, Haemaphysalis punctata, Dermacentor nuttalli, Dermacentor marginatus, Rhipicephalusturanicus, Hyalomma detritum and Haemaphysalis concinna. With the change of annual precipitation andannual-average temperature, the preceding five were the most frequently collected ticks and some werefirstly discover in sampling sites compared to three decades ago. In Karamay, Mulei, Yuming, Yining,Chabuchaer and Shihezi-Shawan Region, detected Borrelia spp., and the positive rates were18%,6.25%,3.33%,53.5%,86%and6.1%. Positive results were obtained from Hy. asiaticum asiaticum, H. punctata,D. marginatus and R. Turanicus. Sequencing of5S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer showed that isolated threedifferent sequences98.6%-99.5%identities to B.burgdorferi sensu stricto (B31), and four different98.8%-99.6%identities to B.garinii(20047). B.burgdorferi sensu stricto was firstly isolated from R.Turanicus inChina. In addition, the result of nested PCR showed that different species of ticks in different regions ofnorthern Xinjiang carried Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Human granulocytic anaplasma. And carriage rate werevery high, suggested there is two kinds of Tick-born rickettsial diseases in northern Xinjiang.Conclusion:(1)4711hard ticks belonging to two subfamily, four genera and seven species werecollected.Hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum And Haemaphysalis punctata were the most frequently collectedticks;(2)B. burgdorferi sensu stricto was firstly isolated from ticks in northern Xinjiang, and provedpathogens distribution and their carrier changed;(3) The ticks which were collected in sampling sitesdetected Tick-born rickettsial diseases, testified there was epidemic focus in northern Xinjiang;(4) Thechange of superior ticks, the spread of pathogens and the high of positive rate, proved the changing climateand plants, especially with step-increases in temperature and more precipitation, the distribution andabundance of tick-borne disease has obviously changed.