Analysis Of The Virus Of Tick Species And Tick-borne Rickettsiae Infection Cases In Xinjiang

Background: Xinjiang,also called xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regin(XUAR),is located in the northwest of China,neighboring many countries,with a 5,600-km frontier,about a quarter of the China's land border.XUAR is an important land portal link between China's "One Belt And One Road" and the northern route to central Asia and Europe.Ticks carrying viruses and Rickettsiae can be transmitted through international livestock trade,migratory birds and wild animals,causing the infection of human and livestock.The purpose of this study is to identify ticks in the XUAR border area and analysis of the virus in tick species and tick-borne Rickettsiae infection cases,for our country tick-borne pathogens "combined defence and control disease" provided the scientific basis.Methods:(1)During 2016-2017,April-May per year,ticks were collected from 15 counties and cities,in XURA(around border area),the ticks were identified morphologically and molecularly analyzed with mitochondrial 12 s rRNA,COI,16 s rRNA gene.(2)Using Illumina Higseq sequencing to detect the viruses in advantage ticks(Hyalomma asiaticum,Dermacentor marginatus and Rhipicephalus.turanicus)of xinjiang border region and the blood of SFG patients(Coma in the intensive care unit)with a tick bite.To identify the species of Rickettsia,the MLST and polymerase chain reaction(PCR)were carried out based on 17 kda,ompA,ompB,gltA,sca1 and sca4 genes.All of the positive samples were further processed for sequencing.Additionally,the serological examination of 5 positive patients were performed by ELISA.Results:(1)A total of 13794 parasitic ticks and 245 free ticks were collected in XUAR border areas.Morphology and molecular biology results showed that the questing ticks belong to three genera and four species,including Hy.asiaticum,D.marginatus,Rh.turanicus and D.nuttalli.(2)The result of Illumina Hiseq sequencing platform show:(1)The ticks and common detected in patients with 10 kinds of virus,are Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus,Burana orthonairovirus,Tacheng Tick Virus 2,Tacheng Tick Virus 5,Bole Tick Virus 1,Bole Tick Virus 2,Bole Tick Virus 4,Taishun Tick Virus,Taishun Tick Virus,Human alphaherpesvirus 1,respectively.(2)There are 23 kinds of virus families detected in ticks,including Parvoviridae,Flaviviridae,Phlebovirus,Peribunyaviridae,Herpesviridae,Nairoviridae,Rhabdoviridae.(3)Rickettsia conorii,R.massiliae,R.raoultii were detected.The results of serological study indicated that Rickettsia aconcentration reduction as the time of treatment progresses.Conclusion:(1)D.marginatus and Hy.asiaticum are the advantage tick species of North xinjiang border region and Rh.turanicus is the advantage tick species of South xinjiang border region.(2)Ticks carrying a variety of viruses cause people infection.(3)Peribunyaviridae virus was first detected in the blood of patients with tick bites in xinjiang.(4)R.raoultii,R.massiliae,R.conorii were detected in five patients and the two ticks from the SFG patients have the same Rickettsia spp..(5)This study provides a basic information and scientific framework for the transmission of disease in China's inland regions and international ticks.In the future,the relevant monitoring system of tick transmission in border areas should be established.