Relationship Between The Levels And Variation Of CXCL12, PDGF, CXCL14in Cerebrospinal Fluid And Optic Neuritis And Neuromyelitis Optica

【Background】Optic neuritis (ON) is a condition of the optic nerves characterized bydemyelination, which maybe the initial symptom of neuromyelitis optica (NMO). It isdifficult to discriminate early in clinic. It reported that the initial feature in about1/2NMO patients was isolated ON and about20%was bilateral ON simultaneously.Generally, NMO has a severe and acute onset. About80%acute NMO patients hadserious vision loss, in the long-term (7.7years), the disease led to severe unilateral orbilateral blindness in60%patients. In recent years, remyelination has been the researchhotspot for demyelinating diseases. So we hypothesis that remyelination relatedchemokine, such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), CXC-motif ligand12(CXCL12) and CXC-motif ligand14(CXCL14), must be higher or lower incerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and result in different recovery.【Objects】The aim of this study was to explore the new potential diagnosis biomarkers andanalysis the ability of remyelination for ON and NMO by investigating the levels andvariation of CXCL12, PDGF and CXCL14in CSF of patients with ON and NMO; andto provide a new understanding and a new therapic target for ON and NMO.【Methods】Thirty-five patients with ON, ten patients with NMO and ten patients with cerebralvenous sinus thrombosis (CVST) were scheduled in the research unit from September2012to September2013in Neuro-Ophthalmology Department of PLA GeneralHospital. Collected their clinical data and CSF parameters. CXCL12, PDGF andCXCL14concentrations were measured in CSF using enzyme linked immunosorbentassay (ELISA). Compared the CXCL12, PDGF and CXCL14levels in CSF in different diseases, different phases, MRI and whether recurrence. Meanwhile, correlationanalyses was conducted between CXCL12, PDGF, CXCL14and white blood cells(WBC), IgG, protein in CSF.【Results】Compared with NMO group, the CXCL12, PDGF and CXCL14levels in CSFwere higher in ON and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) group, especially theCXCL12, PDGF and CXCL14levels in CSF of CVST group patients were higher thanthat in ON group. The CXCL12and PDGF levels in CSF were higher in acute phase ofON group than stationary phase of ON group. In addition,28of35ON patients wereconducted the brain or orbitmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the result showed thatthe CXCL12and PDGF levels in CSF of patients with positive MRI were higher thanthose patients with negative MRI. Besides that, there was higher correlation between theCXCL12level and PDGF in CSF.【Conclusions】Patients with lower CXCL12, PDGF and CXCL14in CSF have more seriousdemyelination in their central nervous system (CNS). CXCL12, PDGF and CXCL14may be new diagnosis biomarkers for CNS demyelinating diseases, such as ON andNMO. In ON different stages, monitoring the CXCL12and PDGF levels in CSF canevaluate conditions and judge prognosis. If we supply CXCL12suitably or promote toproduct CXCL12itself at the ON acute stage, the patients might be promote their visualfunction more early. Intrathecal injections of CXCL12and PDGF may be a newtreatment for patients with CNS demyelinating diseases.