| Mulberry leaf (Mori Folium) as the dried leaves of the Moraceae Morus mulberry (Morus alba L.), is mild and taste sweet, showing dispelling wind and heat activities, clearing the lung and moistening dryness and clearing the liver and improving vision. Mulberry leaf was contained in the "Shen Nong’s herbal classic" listed as the goods, and had the effect of inhibition of diabetes since ancient times. Flavonoids from mulberry leaf has the functions of reducing blood sugar, reducing blood fat, lowering blood pressure, anti-virus and other physiological activity; polyhydroxy alkaloid components such as 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) and its derivatives has clear hypoglycemic activity, acarbose,the alpha glucosidase inhibitor for market sales is modified products of DNJ. The polyphenol from the mulberry leaves is also developed as function food which has antioxidation function and can protect the liver.ChP. (2010) stipulates the mulberry leaf traits, identification, inspection, extracts, TLC identification and rutin standard limit.But,at present, the defects that the index components is single on mulberry leaf quality control standard exists, it remains to be improved and enhanced.By the analysis of qualitative and quantitative evaluations, the various resources of chemical components from mulberry leaves in different batches, and the research on mulberry effect site, we wish to lay the foundation for improving and enhancing the quality standard of mulberry leaves,to support provide methodology and be reference for the development of hypoglycemic products with mulberry leaf.Chap 1. Chemical components, biological activity, effective components and the extraction process and analysis methods of the effective component of mulberry leaves, were analyzed in the part of literature review, to provide scientific basis for the further research of mulberry leaf and product development.Chap 2. By adopting the method of orthogonal experiment, the study optimized the condition synchronization extraction technology and parameters of flavonoids and phenolic acids of mulberry leaf, tdetermined the optimum extraction conditions were:ethanol concentration 85%, ratio of material to liquid was 1:40, extraction time was 45 minutes, extract 3 times.The extraction process is simple, has high extraction rate, and flavonoids and phenolic acids of chemical components can be extracted efficiently, and it provides a basis and reference for the efficient use and recycling methods of mulberry resources.Chap 3. The first section collected 29 mulberry leaf samples from different areas and different batches, using HPLC-DAD to make chemical analyses and evaluation on flavonoids such as rutin, isoquercitrin and astragalin and phenolic acids such as neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid. The results show that, there are obvious differences in different batches of mulberry leaves, flavonoids and phenolic acids content such as rutin, isoquercitrin, astragalin, neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid and hidden the content of chlorogenic acid in the range are:0.15～4.58 mg/g,0.05～8.57 mg/g,0.01～3.71 mg/g,0.21 mg/g,0.29～3.44 18.19～mg/g and 0.2～4.37 mg/g. The content of each component of mulberry leaf samples which collected from different habitats is larger, mulberry leaf samples from Xinjiang and Jiangsu had high content of each component. The results of principal component analysis found that in 29 batches of samples,24 batches of samples date are close, the large difference is between the 5 batches of samples.The difference of the origin:Comprehensive analysis of the content of the samples from Xinjiang and Jiangsu are higher.The results of principal component analysis also found:Rutin and Isoquercitrin contribution rate added as 87.011%, so, it was typical.The second section found that, the DNJ content was different in batches of mulberry leaves by the determination and analysis of HPLC-ELSD. The results showed that, it has difference with DNJ content in different mulberry leaves, which range for:0.20-3.88 mg/g.The origin of the difference:Zhejiang> Xinjiang> Anhui> Jiangsu> Hubei.The results of principal component analysis also found that:29 batches of samples can be divided into 5 groups.The third section, by use UPLC-TQ-MS analysis and evaluate DNJ, amino acids and nucleoside in different batches of mulberry leaf samples. DNJ analysis showed that, the differences of different batches, the content in mulberry leaves, the contents in the range of 0.35-7.27 mg/g, the DNJ content in the sample is the highest in Zhejiang,3.88mg/g.Amino acid analysis showed, glycine, tryptophan, asparagine, glutamine, valine and proline content range respectively:0.0003～0.8988 mg/g,0.0001～0.4119 mg/g,0.0014～0.9357 mg/g, 0.0073～0.4599 mg/g,0.0083～0.4644 mg/g and 0.0056～0.0121 mg/g. The Jiangsu sample amino acids content is higher. The results of principal component analysis found that, of 25 batches of samples date is close, there are large differences in 4 batches of samples.The content range of Ade is 0.0028～0.1130 mg/g. The content order is:Zhejiang> Xinjiang> Jiangsu> Anhui>> Hubei Dabie mountain. The results of cluster analysis found,29 batches of samples can be divided into 4 groups.The fourth section, analysised flavonoids and alkaloids of mulberry leaves by TLC. The results show that, by using butyl acetate:formic acid:water=10:2:3 as the expansion system, rutin, isoquercitrin, astragalin, neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid and cryptochlorogenic acid have good separation.The fifth section, formulated mulberry raw material quality standard (draft). Through the analysis and evaluation of the chemical resources of mulberry leaves in different samples, combined with quality standards of mulberry leaf On China Pharmacopoeia, the results of this study can provid the feasibility basis to improve and perfect the mulberry leaf quality standards. |
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