Rural Residents Over The Age Of 45 In Anning Epidemiological Investigation Of Arrhythmia

Background1. Arrhythmia is a common cardiovascular disease which causes and influencing factors of extensive and complex, early prevention is difficultArrhythmia refers to a new frequency of impulses, or rhythm, the origin and conduction velocity sequence of exceptions. Arrhythmia is a core group of diseases of cardiovascular disease. It can be disease and other cardiovascular diseases alone. Sudden death caused by sudden attacks and sustained involvement of the heart failure.2013 report on cardiovascular disease in China released in 2014, on the country’s 22 provincial hospital inpatients of retrospective survey:Cardiology arrhythmia in patients 26.8%. Arrhythmias are common and frequent in middle-aged, and as they grow, their incidence and severity increases. Arrhythmia is common and highly clinical risk of cardiovascular disease. According to statistics, China only about 600,000 people every year die of sudden cardiac death, which more than 90% sudden cardiac death caused by a fatal arrhythmia. Ischemic heart disease was malignant arrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation induced by main reason for about 65% of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation in ischemic heart disease is based on.At present, early diagnosis and treatment of fatal arrhythmias are more difficult, fatal arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death in these main reasons, therefore, pathogenesis of arrhythmia in undertake an in-depth study on the rational and effective prevention and treatment is very important.2. Epidemiological study on cardiovascular diseaseIn 1948, the Framingham study is the first to propose using epidemiological methods to explore cardiovascular disease, with emphasis on observation of biological and environmental factors, observing content include not only traditional physical examination, blood biochemical examinations also included observations on residents’behavior and life style. This method of epidemiological studies of cardiovascular disease research method has stood the test of history and proven their correctness and scientific. At present, China still lacks for epidemiological studies of cardiac arrhythmias. This subject a cross-sectional survey methods, conducting epidemiological investigations in Anning of rural areas, understand the tranquility of rural residents in arrhythmias incidence, complications, prevalence of major risk factors discussed common arrhythmia in cardiovascular disease risk factors, both genetic and environmental factors especially roles of arrhythmia. Identify induced factors that induce or exacerbate arrhythmias, providing a basis for clinical and community intervention and treatment information.3. Incidence of cardiovascular diseases in rural China’s fast-growingBy 2012, agricultural population in China up to 878578405,65% of the total national population, China’s urban-rural dual structure in China in terms of lifestyle and behavioural risk factors among rural residents and residents of urban residents in China and other countries and regions, there is a large gap. Previous studies have suggested that China is in the second stage of the epidemiological transition, the majority of rural China is still in the early stages of the epidemiological transition. In 2012, however, died of cardiovascular disease in rural China has reached 38.72%, ranks first in major diseases mortality, at present, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in rural areas of China’s fast-growing, its growth rate is higher than the cities, and most of the untreated. Obviously, the epidemiological characteristics of Chinese rural transformation is taking place. According to statistics, from 1993 to 2008, cardiovascular disease prevalence in rural areas increased by almost 3 times, while cardiovascular morbidity of urban residents rose by a factor of almost 1 time. This shows that rural prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in recent years has grown faster than urban residents in the same period.4. Cardiovascular disease incidence high incidence rate in rural areas and lower hospitalization ratesIn recent years, rural medical guarantees system gradually promotion universal, rural residents cardiovascular disease visits rate and hospital rate are has increased, but by limited to economic conditions, and health education and the medical health level of difference, rural residents of cardiovascular disease visits rate and hospital rate growth are below earlier of city residents, to 2008, rural residents cardiovascular disease visits rate for 22.8 ‰, hospital rate only 10.8‰, still in more low. This suggests that most patients with cardiovascular diseases in rural China has not been attended to, this is the achievement of the major causes of cardiovascular disease mortality is higher in rural areas. This suggests that most patients with cardiovascular diseases in rural China has not been attended to, this is the achievement of the major causes of cardiovascular disease mortality is higher in rural areas.Objective1、Understanding Anning prevalence of arrhythmias among rural residents.2、Understand the prevalence of major risk factors of arrhythmias, including high blood pressure, blood lipid, blood sugar, diabetes, coronary heart disease, sleep apnea syndrome, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, mental and emotional.3、 Study on arrhythmia of common risk factors, environmental factors, the role of psychological factors in arrhythmia.4、Identify impact factors that induce or exacerbate arrhythmias, as early intervention and diagnosis and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias and provide basic informationMethods1、object:Epidemiology study in rural area,Aning. Sample survey methods, choose the more concentrated, economic development level and medical conditions are more representative of the quiet rural areas as sampling population, a total of 17 villages residents above the age of 45,1056.2、investigation methods:From September 2014 until April 2015, using standardized methods of investigation and designed in a unified, coherent programme, in a peaceful surrounding countryside, in village units, told the crowd in the arrhythmia as the main content of the epidemiology survey of cardiovascular disease.Results1、This study included rural residents above the age of 45 in 1056, average age (61.08± 10.46).432 male residents (40.91%), the average age is 61.96±10.56 years old, female residents 624 (59.09%), mean age 60.47±10.361 years.This study of arrhythmia in the research population resident there were 125 people, overall prevalence of arrhythmias 11.84%, prevalence of male 15.28%, female prevalence 9.46%.2、the incidence of arrhythmias covered all the each over 45 years of age, and the incidence of arrhythmia was positively correlated with age. Among people over the age of 45 in the age every 1 percentage point increase, increasing prevalence of arrhythmias 0.5%.3、In arrhythmia classification:completely sex right beam support block patients 31 people, sick rate for 2.94%; composite type rhythm disorders patients 23 people, sick rate 2.18%; room sex early beats patients 19 people, sick rate for 1.8%; completely sex room room conduction block patients 16 people, sick rate 1.52%; room sex early beats patients 14 people, sick rate 1.33%; room af patients 9 people, sick rate 0.85%;QT extended who 8 people, sick rate 0.76%; completely sex left beam support block who 7 people, The prevalence of 0.66%; sinus arrhythmia were 7 votes, the prevalence of 0.66%; pacemaker rhythm were 2 votes, the prevalence of 0.19%; in patients with WPW syndrome 1, prevalence of 0.09%.4、In the relevant influencing factors:peace inhabitants of rural regions with a history of high blood pressure,433 sample prevalence of hypertension in population of 41%, of which 50 people living with a history of arrhythmias in people with hypertension, the prevalence rate is 40%. With a history of diabetes a total of 92 people, sampling population prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus 8.71%, arrhythmia crowd of 92 patients with diabetes, the prevalence rate is 8.71%. Have a history of coronary artery disease a total of 118 people, sampling population prevalence of coronary heart disease 11.17%, including arrhythmia crowd with a history of coronary artery disease patients,14, the prevalence rate is 11.2%. There were 62 patients with snoring people, accounting for 5.87% of the residents of this survey, of which 30 patients with arrhythmia people snore, the prevalence of 24%. Smoker’s 330 residents, sampling population smoking rate was 31.25%, with smoking patients,59 in arrhythmia, smoking rates for 47.2%. Of residents exposed to second-hand smoke every day (counted on smoker) 690, sampling population’s exposure to secondhand smoke,65.34% arrhythmia population 106 patients with long-term exposure to secondhand smoke, exposure to secondhand smoke is 84.8%. Signs of depression among 61 people, sampling population prevalence of depression 5.78%, crowd of arrhythmia patients with depression 14, prevalence of 11.2%.23 people have anxiety, the sampling population prevalence of anxiety 2.18%, where 15 patients with arrhythmia crowd anxious, prevalence of 12%. Dyslipidemia 512 people, the prevalence of 48.48%, where crowd of Dyslipidemia in patients with arrhythmia 65, prevalence of 52%. Renal function abnormal 148 people, sampling population prevalence 15.91%; 447 votes of hepatic dysfunction prevalence 42.32%..5、Displayed in the univariate analysis the related factors:snoring, smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke, alcohol, drinking tea, the prevalence of depression and anxiety in cardiac arrhythmia arrhythmia crowd than the crowd, whereas high-density lipoprotein HDL levels in non-cardiac arrhythmia arrhythmia crowd than the crowd.6、Multivariate logistic regression analysis on correlative influence factors showed that HDL levels are the main factors of arrhythmia, snoring, secondhand smoke exposure, chronic, heavy drinking and anxiety, older age, male gender. Coronary heart disease, diabetes, smoking, drinking tea while no significant correlation with the incidence of arrhythmias. Also found that serum creatinine levels associated with atrial arrhythmia, and total bilirubin levels and atrial arrhythmia and ventricular arrhythmias are relevant.Conclusion1、Age are risk factors for arrhythmia residents over the age of 45 (OR=1.048,P<0.001), which is linear correlation between age and incidence of arrhythmia (r=0.83 1,P<0.001).2、Multivariate analysis found that women significantly related to gender and the occurrence of arrhythmias (OR=2.458,P=0.046), are risk factors for arrhythmia.3、Chronic diseases, snoring is the main risk factors for arrhythmia (OR=6.882,P<0.001), with slow arrhythmia (OR=5.673,P<0.001), atrial arrhythmias (OR=3.850,P=0.037), junctional arrhythmias (OR=8.568,P<0.001) were significantly related to the pathogenesis. In this survey, coronary heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure effects of factors on the pathogenesis of arrhythmia is not significant, probably due to the survey used a single 12-lead electrocardiogram diagnosis of arrhythmia, isn’t included in the acute or patients with paroxysmal arrhythmias, so different from previous findings led the study. Abnormal blood lipid level and in general there is no significant correlation between the incidence of arrhythmias, but further analysis revealed that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) increased and reduced incidence of arrhythmias was significantly correlated (OR=0.41,P=0.009), is the protective factors of arrhythmia. Junction of elevated total cholesterol and the incidence of arrhythmias (OR=1.837,P=0.011), which is borderline risk factors for arrhythmia.4、Long-term excessive drinking (OR=2.462,P=0.006) and exposure to secondhand smoke (OR=2.689,P=0.001) are risk factors for arrhythmia. Active smoking, drinking tea while arrhythmia arrhythmia in a higher proportion of non-people in the crowd, but in the multivariate Logistic regression analysis, correlation with prevalence of arrhythmias is not significant. Effects of exposure to secondhand smoke on arrhythmia worth paying attention to.5、Psychological factors, found anxiety are risk factors for arrhythmia (OR=9.791,P<0.001). Anxiety and the slow type of arrhythmia (OR=4.236,P=0.008) and atrial arrhythmias (OR=10.512,P=0.001), the incidence was significantly correlated. Depression in the crowd of arrhythmias, although a higher proportion of non-antiarrhythmic population (x ^2=64.199,P<0.001), but in the multivariate Logistic regression analysis, correlation with prevalence of arrhythmias is not significant.6、In addition, the study also found that the TB (total bilirubin) and atrial arrhythmia and ventricular arrhythmia in the pathogenesis of a significant correlation, and Cr and CHOL (cholesterol) (creatinine) have significant correlation with the incidence of arrhythmia at the junction. Tip chronic biliary tract diseases, renal dysfunction may also lead to the occurrence of arrhythmias..