Early Diagnosis Of Breast Tumor Using Multiphoton Microscopy

Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer deaths in females, and accounts for approximately one-third of all cancers among women in the USA. In many big cities in china, the incidence of breast cancer has been continuously increasing, has become the greatest threat to women’s physical and mental health. Therefore, it is the most effective method to improve the level of early diagnosis for reducing the rate of breast cancer death, improving the success rate of breast-conserving and quality of life of patients. It is also the focus to prevention and control work of breast cancer. In recent years, multiphoton microscopy (MPM) imaging technique has been widely used in biomedical fields, which relies on a nonlinear optical interaction between femtosecond laser and material. It has the ability to detect cellular and subcellular micro structure of tissues and obtain biological tissue morphology and spectral information. The objective of this study was to demonstrate MPM role in the early diagnosis of breast tumor. Firstly, we used MPM to obtain the high-contrast images of human normal breast tissue and two main histologic types of fibroadenoma which is the most common benign tumor. The results show that MPM combined with quantitative method has the ability to identify the characteristics of fibroadenoma including changes of the duct architecture and collagen morphology in stroma. Then, we used MPM to identify normal breast tissue and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) tissue, and extract some diagnostic parameters such as the morphology of collagen morphology, the features of cells. At last, MPM was used to monitor morphological alterations in cellular features and stroma architecture during invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) progression by imaging low- and high-grade IDC lesions compared to normal breast tissue. The fact that the obtained results are consistent with histopathological diagnosis characteristic indicated that MPM has the potential to act as an efficient tool for early detection of breast tumor with the development of MPM.