| Objective The study was to investigate protein expression of the tumor suppressor gene on phosphatase and tension homolog deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN), death associated protein kinase(DAPK) gene in nodular thyroid disease tissues and then discuss its significance.To find a new tumor markers and targeted therapy for providing a scientific basis in thyroid cancer.Method 85 cases were diagnosed with nodular thyroid disease tissues in Endocrinology department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, followed by surgical operation, confirmed through pathology, they were selected between sep,2011 and jun,2013,including 20 cases of thyroid carcinoma(15 cases of papillary carcinoma, 4 cases of follicular carcinoma, 1 cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma),25 cases of thyroid adenoma,40 cases of nodular goiter,and 20 cases of para nodules normal control group.The protein expression of PTEN, DAPK gene were measured by Western blotting.The study was used statistical software SPSS 18.0, Each set of data need to be tested for normality and homogeneity of variance test, then we analyzed using single factor analysis of variance; LSD test was used to compare any two groups. The relationship between clinical features of PTEN and DAPK gene using independent samples t or t ’- test, if P < 0.05 there were statistically significant differences.The correlation between PTEN and DAPK gene using Pearson test.Results(1) The protein expression of PTEN in thyroid carcinoma group、nodular goiter group、adenoma group and normal control group increased one by one, but compared with normal control group,thyroid adenoma group,nodular goiter group, PTEN gene has low rate of protein expression level in thyroid cancer with a significant difference.The differences of protein expression levels of PTEN gene in the normal control group,adenoma group and nodular goiter group were not significant(P>0.05); the protein expression level of PTEN gene in thyroid carcinoma group were significantly lower thanthose in normal control group, adenoma group and nodular goiter group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(2) The protein expression of DAPK in thyroid carcinoma group、nodular goiter group、adenoma group and normal control group increased one by one, but compared with normal control group,thyroid adenoma group,nodular goiter group,DAPK gene has low rate of protein expression level in thyroid cancer with a significant difference.The differences of protein expression levels of DAPK gene in the normal control group,adenoma group and nodular goiter group were not significant(P>0.05); the protein expression level of DAPK gene in thyroid carcinoma group were significantly lower than those in normal control group, adenoma group and nodular goiter group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(3) In nodular goiter tissue, the PTEN gene protein expression of no lymph node tissue was significantly higher than that of lymph node enlargement of tissue, there was statistically significant difference between the two group(P<0.05), but no significant difference with other clinical features, and PTEN protein expression has nothing to do with clinical features in adenoma group(P>0.05).(4) DAPK gene protein expression has nothing to do with clinical significance in nodular goiter and adenoma tissue(P>0.05).(5) In thyroid carcinoma group, the protein expression level of PTEN and DAPK gene is related to calcification, accompanied by cervical lymph node enlargement.Compared with the group which has no calcification and tissue without lymph node enlargement, the expression levels of PTEN, DAPK in the group which has calcification and neck lymph node enlargement were higher, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(6) Using PTEN protein expression for diagnosing of thyroid cancer had a sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of 65%, 77% and 75%. Using DAPK protein expression for diagnosing of thyroid cancer had a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 60%, 83% and79%.(7) Correlation analysis showed: the protein expression levels of PTEN and DAPK in thyroid carcinoma tissue have no significant correlation(r = 0.07).Conclusions(1) The protein expression level of PTEN and DAPK gene in thyroid carcinoma group, nodular goiter group, thyroid adenoma group, normal control group were increased.(2) From protein level, PTEN and DAPK gene can be as a valuable reference in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid tumor,and being used as a reference index of lymph node metastatic potential.(3)The protein expression of PTEN and DAPK gene had no significant related to age,gender, size of the nodule,but they were related to calcification and neck lymph node enlargement in thyroid carcinoma.(4) Expression of PTEN and DAPK protein in the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma specificity and sensitivity are fair.They can help clinical diagnosis. |
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