Effcts Of Ginsenoside RG1 On Prevention Andtreatment Of Alcoholic Hepatitis

PART 1 Therapeutic effects of ginsenoside Rgl on ethanol damaged L-O2cell and the underlying mechanismObjective:To observe the effects of ginsenoside Rgl on ethanol damaged L-O2cell and to analyze the possible underlying mechanism.Methods:Choice the Rg1 concentration which had no significant effect on the cell survival rate, the L-O2 cell were randomly divided into Rgl groups (including 0.5 g/L,1.0 g/L, the concentration of 1.5 g/L three group), model group and normal control group, Rgl group was given three concentration of Rg1 (0.5 g/L,1.0 g/L,1.5 g/L) protection, Rg1 group and model group were given ethanol to induce damage.Extraction of cell culture supernatant on detecting hepatic related index (AST, ALT, TBiL);ELISA detection of inflammatory factors, IL-6, IL-1 the expression of TNF- a;Westernblot factor Casepasel quantitative detection of apoptosis, Caspase3, Caspase8, NF-κB, cytochrome P450E1 (CYP2E1) expression;Determination of fluid cytology cell apoptosis rate;ELISA detection of oxidative stress related indicators:glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px), reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression;Electronic microscope cell ultrastructure of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum of endometrium changes.Results:1 The ASL, ALT of Rgl groups were lower than the model group, including Rgl concentration is 1.0 g/L,1.5 g/L of the two groups was statistically significant compared with model group;TBiL, no significant differences between groups have no statistical significance;the expression of Rgl groups of inflammatory cytokines, IL-6, IL-1 and TNF-a quantity are lower than the model group, and each group compared with model group had statistical significance.2 The CYP2E1 and NF-κB of Rgl groups is lower than the model group, both the Rgl concentration is 0.5 g/L and1.0 g/L groups was statistically significant compared with model group;the Rgl concentration is 1.0 g/L group Caspase3, Caspase8 are lower than the model group, and there are statistically significant; the concentration is 0.5 g/L of Rgl Casepasel expression quantity is lower than the model group, with statistical significance.3 The cell apoptosis rate of Each Rgl group were lower than that of model group, each group compared with model group had statistical significance.4 The model group and Rgl group cells were observed under electron microscope showed swelling of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm increased compared with normal group, model group obviously can be seen in the swelling of mitochondria myelin and large sheets of endoplasmic reticulum.Conclusion:Suitable concentration of Rgl can relieve the liver injury, inhibit inflammatory factors、apoptosis、 anti oxidative stress and so on various aspects to adjust ethanol induced damage of L-O2 cell, so as to protect the liver cells.PART 2 Therapeutic effects and Mechanisms of ginsenoside Rgl on alcoholic hepatic injury in ratsObjective:To observe the effects of ginsenoside Rgl on alcoholic fatty liver in rats and to analyze the possible underlying mechanism.Methods:The alcoholic fatty acid liver model was established by continuous ethanol gavage. Female SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group, model group, Rgl group, and dexamethasone group. The model group, Rgl group, and dexamethasone group were administered equal doses of normal saline, Rgl, and dexamethasone for gavage treatment, respectively. The serum liver function and inflammatory factor-related indicators in the rats were detected to observe hepatic inflammatory changes, steatosis, and the apoptotic index. Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and RT-PCR were used to detect changes in the protein and mRNA levels of caspase3, caspase8, and NF-κB.Results:After the model was established, a pathological examination confirmed that more than 1/3 of the hepatocytes in the liver of rats in the model group had steatosis and displayed the typical pathological presentation of alcoholic fatty liver. After treatment for 120 h, the liver function indicators and inflammatory factor levels in the Rgl and dexamethasone groups were lower than those in the model group (p<0.05, p<0.05). Detection of caspase3, caspase8, and NF-κB using immunohistochemistry showed that the expression levels in the model group were significantly higher than those in the Rgl and dexamethasone groups (p<0.05, p<0.05). TUNEL staining results showed that the apoptotic index in the model group was significantly higher than in the dexamethasone and Rgl groups (p<0.05, p<0.05). Detection of caspase3, caspase8, and NF- B mRNA levels using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR revealed that the levels in the Rgl and dexamethasone groups were all significantly lower than those in the model group (p<0.05); the abovementioned levels in the Rgl group were lower than those in the dexamethasone group (p<0.05). Detection of the protein expression of caspase3, caspase8, and NF- B using western blotting revealed that the levels in the Rgl and dexamethasone groups were all lower than those in the model group (p<0.05); the abovementioned levels in the Rgl group were all lower than those in the dexamethasone group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Ginsenoside Rgl significantly relieved pathological injury and improved the liver function in rats with alcoholic fatty liver through blocking apoptotic pathways and inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors.