The Changes Of Testicular Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression In Cryptorchidism Mouse Model At Different Day Intervals

Background. Cryptorchidism is one of the most common congenital malformations of male genital system in children. Now for the treatment of undescended testicles is not very mature. The best choice of the treat of undescended testes tend to be Surgical treatment and the best age to do the surgery is 2 years old. Previous studies have well documented the impact of cryptorchidism on spermatogenesis. However, less is known about endocrine or locally produced factors in cryptorchidism. The present research details the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pathological changes of testis in cryptorchidism model. We also tried to find relationship between VEGF and pathological changes in cryptorchidism.Objective. To investigate the changes of the testicular weight and histologic and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in cryptorchidism mouse model and explore its related clinical significance.Methods. Twenty-five mice which were random selected from the Fifty six-week-old ICR male mice from the Central Animal House, Anhui medical university were operated to induce unilateral cryptorchidism as the cryptorchidism mouse model group; The other twenty-five mice were operated a sham operation as the sham operation group.Then,the total fifty mice were random divided into five groups,each group included five cryptorchidism mouse and five sham operation mouse. After the operation, the mice were sacrificed at 3、7、14、21 and 28 days. The body weight and testes weight were determined individually at the end of the experimental period.Then, all the tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and observed under a light microscope. Sperm formation disorder was evaluated in each time point using the Johnsen score (JS). The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor is using the Western Blot and Immunohistochemistry.Results. (1) Body weight was measured which resulted in no significant change among two groups (cryptorchidism mouse model and the sham operation group) (P>0.05); (2) Compare the organ coefficients (organ weight/bodyweightx1000) of the two testes in the cryptorchidism mouse model had statistics significance,while in the sham operation group did not had statistics significance; (3) In the unilateral cryptorchidism mice, the testicular weight of cryptorchid were significantly decreased from the 7 day after surgery to the end of the experiment versus its self-control. There was a time-dependent decrease in the weight of cryptorchid testes compared with the self-control(P<0.05). (4) From the postoperative 3 day,a time-dependent decreased in sperm count was observed in the cryptorchid testes. (5) Qualitative analysis of VEGF in testicular cross sections revealed that the location of VEGF was expressed in the leydigcells, sertolicells and germ cells and there was a time dependent decrease of VEGF expression in cryptorchidism.Conclusions. There was a time-dependent changes of testicular weight and VEGF expression in the cryptorchidism mouse model and maybe there is a period of time point which is the exact time to perform intervention and treatment and can better recover the testicular spermatogenic function.