Study On The Reform Of Public Hospital In Chongqing From The Perspective Of The Sociology Of Health

Reform of public hospital is the key issue of health care system reform. The public hospital is the main body providing medical services, which occupies more than 80% of the medical services market share. Solving the problem of public hospital reform can further improve the quality of health care, enhance the accessibility of health services, and effectively reduce the burden of inhabitants’ medical costs. It is the key to solve the social problem of "medical treatment is difficult and expensive," and improve the level of health of the population.Since "the CPC Central Committee and State Council on Deepening the views of medical and health system" released in 2009, to promote the pilot reform of public hospital becomes one of the five key contents of medical and health system reform. As one of public hospital reform pilot cities, Chongqing starts pilot reforms of public hospital in Jiangbei District in 2010. In the process of public hospital reform over several years, Chongqing has carried out some reform measures about public hospital management system, and compensation mechanism of public hospital, such as corporatization of public medical services, policy of drug zero-profit and so on. But during the specific reform work, the reform of public hospital don’t achieve the expected goal. Problems like medical staffs of public hospital are still not enthusiastic, inhabitants’ heavy medical burden, patient satisfaction is not high, etc do exist.Because of the false of public hospital reform from aspects of management and economics, this essay will discuss the issue of the reform of Chongqing public hospital according to health sociology innovatively. There are two reasons why I discuss this issue based on such unique perspective. One is hoping to expand theoretic perspectives of study on reform of public hospital, the other is hoping that this research will make some breakthroughs in Chongqing public hospital reform research, to provide some reasonable suggestions for the reform of public hospital, and solve the existing problems of public hospital reform.In this essay, I used literature analysis, mechanism report method, method of focus group interviews, case interviews and other methods. Through these research methods, I combed literatures of health sociology and public hospital reform, and get data of medical services, medical staffs and medical expenses and receipts during the reform of Chongqing public hospital, and interview data of the hospital managers, medical staffs and patient views and attitudes on the reform of public hospital.After combing the literature and obtaining the relevant information, I started study from following aspects. First, define the key concepts of health sociology and the perspective of public hospital reform according to the health sociology. I defined the perspective of public hospital reform according to the health sociology from healthy lifestyle, healthy social factors, and social role theory. Second, analyze the current situation of Chongqing public hospital reform. I analyzed current situation from the process of reform and pilot projects. Thirdly, from three perspectives of health sociological, analyze the difficulties and causes of Chongqing public hospital reform. Lastly, make reasonable suggestions about management of hospitals, enhancing the enthusiasm of medical staffs and patients’ role transferring from a health perspective of sociology.Through the study of Chongqing public hospital reform based on healthy sociological perspective, I found that during the process of the reform of public hospital recently, the superior assessment and income are more attached importance to, and management are ignored; Also, the reform should attach importance to position of doctor and patient instead of government and management. Therefore, I chose the perspective of health sociology, proposing theories of "closed-loop management of public hospital health", "health doctor", "patients with multiple roles", etc, and emphasized the reform work from aspects of health and individual, expecting breakthroughs of the reform of public hospital.