The Antonyms Research Of Historical Records

Antonym is one of the important subsystems in the Chinese vocabulary system, which should be paid enough attention by researchers. Historical Records was written in the Western Han Dynasty, when Chinese transformed from ancient times to the medieval period.And its language has oral style, which can truly reflect the language style then. In this paper, we make the judgement on antonyms based on Historical Records, analyze the characteristics of the antonyms and discuss the evolution of them. The chapters are arranged as follows:In the introduction part, we introduce the studies of the antonym in ancient Chinese and collect present language research situation of Historical Records. Then we determine the research method of this paper.In The second chapter, we focuse on a series of problems we faced with when determining the antonyms of Historical Records. we find that the sentence patterns have some impact on the judgement of antonyms. In addition, in order to understand the system of antonymy better, we also discuss the differences between antonyms in language and speech, synonyms and antonyms, one-syllable antonym and antonymy compound, the double syllable antonyms and phrases. Then we summarize the criterion of the antonyms in Historical Records and get the results of its antonyms.In the third chapter, we mainly make the semantic analysis on the antonyms of Historical Records. We divide them into bilateral single antonyms, bilateral multiple antonyms, multilateral single antonyms and multilateral antonyms. We find the antonyms are rich in types and flexible in usage.In the fourth chapter, we discuss the pragmatic functions of antonyms, mainly from two aspects——word formation and expression. We find that Historical Records antonyms have powerful functions in word formation and expression.In the fifth chapter, we discuss the evolution of Historical Records antonyms, sum up the various types of evolution, and probe into the reasons for evolution.Finally, the paper summarizes the characteristics of Historical Records antonyms, mainly combining the division of antonyms, the semantic analysis, the pragmatic functions and diachronic evolution, etc. We expect to have a deeper understanding of the antisense polymerization and the characteristics of Chinese vocabulary phenomenon from ancient times to medieval times.