The Study Of Chinese Antonym-element Adverbs

In Exploration of Modern Chinese Functional Words, Zhang Yisheng defined words which are composed of two antonym morphemes and developed into established adverbs through diachronic changes as the antonym-element adverbs. These words mainly consist of Chizao, Daxiao, Duoshao, Fanzheng, Gaodi, Guijian, Haodai, Haolai, Hengzhi, Riye, Shifou, Sihuo, Xianhou, Zuoyou, Qianhou and Changduan etc.The first chapter is the introduction, which mainly describes the selected topic, topic purpose, topic significance, present research situation, problems urgent to be solved, research theories, research methods and corpus source.The second chapter is the syntactic analysis of the antonym-element adverb. To start with, this chapter finds out common points by summarizing these words, so as to expound the syntactic position on basis of the induction and analyze the distribution frequency and functions of different words in front or behind of the subject. Then, through the theory of adverb limitations in different positions, which was put forward by Zhang Bin in Modern Chinese Functional Words, this chapter evaluated predicates which could be applicable to the syntax. Finally, this chapter discusses the syntactic distribution in case of co-existence of similar adverbs and the syntactic order in case of co-existence of antonym-element adverbs.The third chapter is the semantic study of antonym-element adverbs. This chapter mainly analyzes the researches antonym-element adverbs in semantic level and studies the relationship between morpheme meaning and current semantics, which can be divided into two cases, namely, the morpheme A + morpheme B ≈ meaning C and the morpheme A + morpheme B < meaning C. Then, on this basis, the chapter makes a hierarchical classification through semantic transparency of antonym-element in continuity relationship matrix research with reference to grammar gradient theory.The fourth chapter is the pragmatic research of antonym-element adverbs. This chapter mainly consists of three parts: subjectivity, message structure, textual function. The first part divides subjectivity into signaling and modal functions. Signaling functions include assertions, explanations, conjecture and summary; Modal functions include stress of subjective intention and yielding intension. In the second part, the message structure mainly includes the focus highlight and limited indication. In the third part, the textual function includes cohesion and coherence. Firstly, this part explains different functions of the cohesion in such different positions as the beginning or the middle. Secondly, it describes different functions of the cohesion through different collocation and combination of model adverbs. The textual cohesion function was analyzed in meaning model.The fifth chapter is the exploration of the grammaticalization and cognition of adverbs. This chapter discussed the grammaticalization of the most modern Chinese antonym-element adverbs in an order of independent employment or contractive employment â†' collocation â†' phrases â†' antonym-element adverbs. It also and explained how to realize the grammaticalization step by step through the combination of combined of cognitive linguistic theory of metaphor and metonymy. Then, this chapter discusses the dynamic reasons for the grammaticalization.