The Research Of Grain On The Bronze Ware Of Sacrificial Pits In Sanxingdui

In the period of pre-Qin, Sichuan is a multi-ethnic region, which has twomajor nations named Ba and Shu.About the history of Shu, the official history did notrecord,only in Huayang Guozhi written by Chang Qu who was a historian in theEastern Jin Dynasty and Shu Wang Benji written by Yang Xiong who was Shu hanpeople in the Western Han Dynasty. We can see some historical traces of the ancientshu kingdom from the two ancient books. There are some simple historical data andlegends in the local Chronicles, so it is difficult to trace the history of the ancientshu. Until the thirties of the20th century, with the bronze ware stored in Zhu lane ofPeng county in the Sichuan area,Chengdu12bridge, Guanyin in Xinfanshui,especially since the80’s, two sacrificial pits found in Sanxingdui. Two pitsexcavated thousands of bronze, gold,jade and some valuable artifacts, whichapparently confirmed there was a powerful country in ancient southwest. Theseindicate Minjiang River located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is one of theimportant birthplaces of Chinese civilization and has long and rich historical culturethe same as other central plains region.This paper mainly uses archaeological materials about sacrificial pits ofSanxingdui, bases on grain on the bronze ware,using comparative science,imagescience and the theory and method of researching grain on the bronze ware in theShang and Zhou dynasties, analyzes the grain on the bronze ware, sums up thecharacteristics of the grain on the bronze ware in the characteristic of Sanxingdui andreveals some information including politics, economy and culture contained theancient Shu in order to make up shortage recorded by literature in the ancient Shu.The paper is divided into five parts. The first part is introduction including theorigin of writing, research content and meaning. The second part introduces generalhistory situation of the ancient Shu. The Third part classifies artifacts unearthed bysacrificial pits in Sanxingdui, analyzes society, religion and diplomacy of the ancient Shu stored in artifacts. The fourth part introduces grain on the bronze ware ofsacrificial pits in Sanxingdui, analyzes characteristics of grain and the relationshipbetween the different grain. The fifth part tries to interpret the grain withcharacteristics of ancient Shu according to theory and method used by domestic andforeign scholars. The sixth part compares the grain of sacrificial pits in Sanxingdui tothe Central Plains and Yangtze River,analyzes its own characteristics of grain on thebronze ware of sacrificial pits in Sanxingdui. The last part is conclusion.