The Contrastive Study Of Chinese And German Modal Verb

With the rapid development of bilateral economic and cultural exchanges between China and Germany in recent years, Chinese learning set off a boom in Germany. The career of teaching Chinese for German is facing more severe tests and more stringent requirements with the increasing Germans learned Chinese. Modal verb is a special class of words in Chinese grammar system. It is also a prominent difficulty in the process of Chinese learning for German exchange students. This paper selected ten frequently-used modal verbs in Chinese which corresponding to the German modal verbs. Then a questionnaire survey was conducted on the learning situation of the German students. At last, on the basis of the questionnaire survey, this paper takes the comparative analysis between Chinese modal verbs and German ones. And put forward the countermeasures and suggestions to the teaching of Chinese for German modal verbs.This paper consists of four parts:The first part:This part systematically combs the thorough study of Chinese modal verbs by domestic scholars so far. It includes the name, the part of speech, the definitions and the number of modal verbs, and so on. In order to determine the scope of the modal verbs in the study of this paper and summarize the present studies of modal verbs in the field of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. And point out the necessity of the study about the German Chinese Modal Verbs.The second part:According to the analysis of questionnaire survey results about the learning situation of the Chinese modal verbs for German exchange students, we found that it is not ideal for these students to master Chinese modal verbs. It reflects in understanding the senses of the modal verbs, discriminating the similar modal verbs, the negative use of modal verbs and the position in the sentence of the modal verbs.The third part:According to the contrastive analysis theory, make comparative analysis on the modal verb, aiming at the problems of the learn situation of Chinese modal verb for German exchange students. Firstly, we simply introduce the meaning and usage of German modal verbs. Then we compare the Chinese modal verbs and German modal verbs in the three aspects of syntax, semantics and pragmatics to find out the similarities and differences between them. At last, we discriminate several groups of similar modal verbs.The fourth part:this paper puts forward the teaching countermeasures and suggestions to the teaching of German Chinese modal verbs from the several aspects, which are strengthening the theoretical research, reinforcing the comparative research, enhancing the textbook compiling, advancing the quality of classroom teaching and improving the comprehensive quality of the teachers who teaching Chinese for German.