Chinese Verb Error Analysis About German Native Speakers Based On HSK Dynamic Corpus

In Germany-Chinese Comparison area, there are also scholars study the differences between the two languages by the methods of language valence, which lay a sound foundation for this paper's study. This paper mainly collects 55 compositions of German native speakers among HSK dynamic composition corpus with systemic collection and arrangement about verbs' errors. This paper also analyzes 160 verb's errors collected, which aims to find the reasons for these errors and methods avoiding them.This paper, by comparing and analyzing Chinese and German and deeper analysis of Chinese verb syntax, semantics and pragmatics, analyzes the errors the German-native speakers made and the reasons for the errors. From overall perspective, the errors made by German-native speakers have two tendencies. One is the replacement error of disyllable verbs and the other is improper match of transitive verb semantics. These are the most complicated and difficult key points and also easy to make errors. By analysis, the author thinks that the most errors made by German-native speakers consists of three types: syntax, semantics and pragmatics. The syntax error are mainly improper match, omission or addition of some parts, improper order and wrong sentence. The semantics error are mainly improper replacement of synonym, errors of non-synonym and confuse of words. About the errors reasons, aside from the two common reasons of wrong order error and replacement error in Germany negative transfer, there are still false analogy in Chinese language errors, wrong understanding and ignorance of the limitations of rules. Based on this, the author comes up with pointed rectifying strategy: promoting the use of the research achievements of Han-German comparison study, learning grammar rules of Chinese verbs periodically, paying attention to the common match of Chinese verbs and subjects and other strategies.