Didactic Study Of The German Modal Particles In Chinese German-Lessons

The German modal particles belong to the category of particles, such words without inflections. Such small words are a kind of essential elements in daily life, German native speakers use it as ofen as unconsciously. But before the turn to "pragmatic-communication" in the sixty and seventy years, this kind of words has been treated as fill words and doesn’t get enough attention.It seems that the numerous publications of the modal particles since the sixties to areas such as morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics have covered the needs of the research. But from the perspective of the learning situation of students in the German as Foreign Language-Lessons, it is not the case. These complex words have brought a huge challenge to the foreign learners of German and German teachers. So it is in the Chinese German lessons.In order to find the influencing factors of modal particles’ learning difficulties and improve its teaching situation, this article research first from the linguistics perspective. Research shows that the modal particle is a type of the controversial German word. It has crossed with other word classes and its significance is closely combined with social situation. So there are many problems in the definition, description and teaching of modal particles.According to the analysis between the local textbook Studienweg Deutsch in China and five German original textbooks, it is found that the modal particles are practiced in teaching work mostly in only one or two lessons inductively and imitative, otherwise they will not be treated. The teaching method and the design of exercises have great randomness, lack of careful consideration, so it doesn’t reach the ideal result. Meanwhile the inappropriate teaching methods of teachers, the lack of creativity and the big differences between German and Chinese are also influence factors.At the end of the article, the author has put forward some Suggestions according to the above problems. For example, teachers can use the Chinese modal particles to interpret the German modal particles, so that the function of modal particles for Chinese student is accessible. The mediation of modal particles in the textbook should be set up in different teaching phases according to the language skills of learners. Students’ individual learning motivation also not allow to be ignored, the teachers should encourage students to strengthen dialogue in the actual situation, in order to truly learn and to use the idioms.