The Analysis Of The "Zhaoxiang" Strategies As Well As Their Historical Influence Implemented By The Han And The Huns When Carrying Out The"Heqin" Policy And The War Policy During The Western Han Dynasty

The Huns, an ancient ethnic group in the north of China, was undoubtedly veryimportant in Chinese ancient national history. The relationship between the HanDynasty and the Huns at that time also certainly played a significant role in thehistory of the development of the Chinese nation. The scholars who studied therelationship between the Western Han Dynasty and the Huns paid much attention totwo aspects---the "Heqin" policy (the policy of cementing friendly relations throughpolitical marriages) and the war policy. It was the two aspects that enabled the twonationalities to create a splendid period of history.The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between the Han Dynastyand the Huns from the perspective of “Zhaoxiang”(summon sb. to surrender). Duringthe period of mutual confrontation between the Han Dynasty and the Huns, in order tobeat each other, both of them actively implement the “Zhaoxiang” strategy, which to acertain extent effectively avoid the excessive slaughter during the war, getting rid ofthe impact of the cruel slaughter of the war during the warring states period.According to the different characteristics of their respective “Zhaoxiang” periodsand the different results of their “Zhaoxiang” strategies, the paper divides“Zhaoxiang” strategies of the Han Dynasty and the Huns into three periodsrespectively: the early Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Wudi period and late WesternHan Dynasty; the powerful and prosperous period of the Huns, the defensive warperiod of the Huns and the Huns’“Zhaoxiang” strategy period in late Western HanDynasty.On the basis of discussing the two sides’“Zhaoxiang” strategies, the paper triesto study the reasons for their success or failure in implementing “Zhaoxiang”strategies and the historical influence brought by implementing “Zhaoxiang”strategies each other.