| During the early period of the Noblemen’s Republic of Poland, the Jewish questions are on theagenda. But as a result of which, Poland has been divided three times and the feudal aristocracy’s hinder, ithasn’t been solved properly. As the French revolution brought the talent of human rights, freedom,equality, and on the influence of the national liberation movement, the polish Jews began to fight for theemancipation of themselves. Napoleon, meanwhile, set up the Duchy of Warsaw, has given Jewscorresponding civil and political rights in the earlt time, in order to consistent with the Jewish policy ofFrance. But because of the special national conditions, the Duchy of Warsaw’s Jewish policy presents moreconservative, eventually Polish Jewish questions is not still solved. In the Duchy of Warsaw, it mainlyreflects that Jews were deprived of political rights in politics power；economically, the production of Jewsand living activities are limited within the designated area, and was forced to pay various harsh duties; Onthe religious culture, the government forced Jews to accept assimilation policy, etc. The internal of Jews inthe Duchy of Warsaw, facing the series of conservative policies, divided into two camps, in which a smallnumber of upper-middle-class Jewish businessman actively accept the harsh assimilation policy, in order toget the corresponding civil and political rights; Most of lower orthodox Jews insists on their nationalreligious beliefs, refused the assimilation policy of the authorities. Jews’ internal divisions is the mostimportant factor in the Duchy of Warsaw for the Jewish questions so difficult to solve. The Duchy ofWarsaw’s Jewish policy also embodies the complexity of the19th century European’s ethnic problems, theinterests of the internal competition and interference by foreign powers not frustrate the Polish Jews’ longfor equal political rights and freedom of religion and they go on fighting for their emancipation withdifficulty and enthusiasm on the way. |
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