A Study Of The Logical Thoughts On "Lu Shi Chun Qiu"

The main research object of this paper is Lu Shi Chun Qiu and the main purpose is to research its logical thoughts. Lu Buwei, minister of the Pre-Qin dynasty, who organize three thousand followers and scholars to compile this book together. Although the book was compiled by his followers, it reflects the chief editor Lu Buwei’s thoughts in general. As an important book of the Pre-Qin period which is rich in content, this book contains philosophical thoughts, political thoughts, a large amount of historical data and precious material on scientific culture. As one of the most precious national culture heritage, the book have great value in researching the history of the Pre-Qin dynasty and the development of science and culture of that time. The exploration and analysis of this book is both a summary of the previous active and useful results and also plays a guiding role to the extending of the logical thoughts. So the researching work done in this paper is necessary. This article is divided into six parts. The first part analyze the writing background of this book and the author’s background. The book was written on the eve of the First Emperor unified the world. the ideological turmoil, letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend. Lii Buwei had a successful transition from a businessman to an outstanding politicians. We had to notice his outstanding personal abilities and his unique insights about analyzing problems. The emergence of Lu Shi Chun Qiu has the inevitable and accidental factors, it is consistent with the historical development.The second part is to discuss the relationship of words, speech, meaning and call in Lu Shi Chun Qiu. We clear what is words, speech, meaning and call, and specify the properties of words and speech, at the same time we explain both words and speech from the perspective of language and thought. The words, speech, meaning and call must follow some rules in order to ensure daily communication. Otherwise, there will be a difficulty and confusing in people’s communication.The third section discusses the "paradox" in this book. Lu’s basic requirement to logic is "understand the paradox of the speech, resolve the confusion of the mind"."Paradox" is a contradiction, incosistent and uncertain when words, meaning, speech and action are taken into the practical applications. This paradox can be divided into four categories. These four situations have been made a detailed discussion in this chapter, and we clarify where and why the paradox emerges. Then we can resolve the contradiction in our daily lives and avoid the confusion of logic.The fourth part summarizes the inference thought of "Lii Shi Chun Qiu".The thesis specifies the significance of the inference thought. Recognizing the importance of inference, the thesis indicates the correct way of inference to avoid the fallacy in the reasoning process, then reachs the right conclusion. Using of various examples to explain the inference, we know that he also attaches great importance to infenrece.The fifth section discusses the debate. Firstly we introduce the significance of debate in order to have a correct understanding of it. Although Lu is not in favor of debate, but he also acknowledged that as a tool of argument, it can help us pursuit the truth. Secondly we describes the standards of debate. Only following objective standards, debate can be the tool of pursuit the truth, and it can not be used by sophist. Lu also criticized and absorbed the theory from those scholars who advocate debate, his aim was to get the truth.The sixty part is a summary of the profound impact on later generations of the logical thinking of the "Lu Shi Chun Qiu". In past two thousand years the status of "Lu" in the history is intricate, people’s comment about it has been intermittently recorded in few words. But we can also see the same logical thinking from the works later. It shows that the book’s position can not be discounted. With a wealth of historical data, it has also been recognized by more people and it will make an more and more far impact on later generations. It will also encourage more people to explore and study logic, to open a new chapter on logic.