The Study Of Da Chao Hui In Song Dynasty

Da chao hui is an important ceremonial political activity during the Feudalmonarchy of China. It is the concentrated reflection of Chinese imperial authority politics,and also is inseparable with feudal etiquette. It involvs the core content of nationalpolitical life, and overall shows the era characteristics of Chinese royal ritual.Thedevelopment of Da chao hui in Song Dynasty is extremely important in its developinghistory. On the one hand, it is the period that Da chao hui had its further development—ithas a more detailed specification on the helding place、 guard of honour、 officialgarments and the etiquette program. On the other hand，it is the period that Da chao huibecome to decline. The helding number of Da chao hui in this period is much more fewerthan in Han and Tang. In the southern Song Dynasty，it was even held only once. InSong Dynasty，Da chao hui expresses new characteristics that different from previousgeneration，which has great influence to the ritual system and politics。There are four parts in this article. In the first part， we mainly review thedevelopment course of Da chao hui and devide it into two period， seperating thegermination from the development. Regarding the development in different dynasty asthe clue，we express the evolution of Da chao hui in three aspects, which are scale、style and institution. We also discuss the political meaning of Da chao hui.In the second part we discuss the Da chao hui in the northern Song Dynasty. Wetextual study its helding number, and come to the conclusion that what affected thehelding of Da chao hui was war、weather、nation mourns and Sacrifices, etc. Weelaborate the changing of the etiquette of Da chao hui,and regarding imperial rituals inYuanFeng as the example, we analyze its notes. We explore the helding date andinvestigate the helding place and the costume system.In the third part we discusse the Da chao hui in the sourthern Song Dynasty. Dachao hui become to decline in this period. Its helding number decreased rapidly and itsscale and procedure diminish. In the middle-later period of sourthern Song Dynasty, itwas even substituted by celebration rituals which was more convenient and less cost. Thefirst reason for the declination is that many government affairs was not prepared in the eatly days of the sourthern Song Dynasty, there was no time for Da chao hui; Second, thegovernment advocated pragmatic thoughts in this time and was frugl of etiquette; Third,the government seeking momentary ease in an isolated place, its political influence wasgreat reduced.In the forth part we analyse the characteristics of Da chao hui in Song Dynasty.Being affected by politics、ecnomics and culture，Da chao hui in this period expressednew characteristics just as celebration but no rituals、recovering of ancient etiquette、Highlighting of the diplomatic function and enhance of ceremonial function.Providing a unique angle of view on the study on the history of the Song Dynasty,the study on Da chao hui in Song Dynasty could not only help us to understand theritual system, but also is beneficial to analyzing the interaction between ritual system andpolitics.