The Research Of Fuzhou Kilns Porcelain In Song And Yuan Dynasties

Fuzhou kilns porcelain are shipped to Chinese and overseas market in Song and Yuan Dynasties, which is an important part of the Sea Silk Road. Porcelain making in Fuzhou kiln originated in Southern dynasties, and developed in Sui and Tang dynasties, then flourished in the late Southern Song Dynasty and continued until the Yuan Dynasty. Fuqing kiln, Lianjiang kiln and Minqing kiln are three most typical kilns in Fuzhou region, in this paper, we focus on the porcelain of above kilns at most prosperous era. By using typical utensil analysis, comparative analysis, archaeological typology, through specific collation and analyzing every typical utensil, to summarize the main features, technical sources, manufacturing times and market trends of Fuzhou kiln porcelain in Song and Yuan Dynasties. Fuzhou kilns are known for large scale, wide distribution, various types and large output. Porcelain mainly bowls, plates, dishes and other daily practical products, and calcination process is relatively simple, whether in soil washing, enamel making, blank forming, glazing system, decorating technology or burning techniques. Fuzhou kilns porcelai, its market position is low-end market for the masses, by lowering production costs to the maximum, achieve the goal of small profits and quick returns and supply the daily needs of the civilian population. The technologies of the Fuzhou kilns is from three different places:the greenish white porcelain of Jing Dezhen kilns, the black porcelain of Jian kilns and the celadon of Longquan kilns. The products of the three kilns was known the whole world, and their technology are spread to many places. Fuzhou had a superior condition to attract the advanced technology and promote the ceramics industry which including rich natural resources such as China clay, water fuel, and dominance social conditions such as water transport, the political and economic center. According to the excavated things from local site, underwater archaeology and overseas sites, the market of the porcelain of Fuzhou kilns in Song and Yuan dynasties have two places, the first one is Fuzhou and the second one is out of the Mingjiang river, through Penghu islands or Liuqiu islands and landing South Korea and Japan.