A Research Of Si Chuan Jin Shi In The Ming Dynasty

Si chuan Jin Shi is a special group in southwest of Ming dynasty. On the basis of research, working out the total number of the group is 1406.The distribution of time and geographical of Si chuan Jin Shi in Ming dynasty shows imbalance:their quantity scattered in time can be characterized as " prophase few, metaphase maximum, anaphase medium", their quantity scattered in geographical formed three centers——Chengdu plain、drainage area of near Chang jiang river and Jia Ling jiang river. A number of factors, such as history、economic、education、policies of imperial examinations、 population、psychology of imperial examinations、immigration clans, account for these features. The components of Si chuan Jin Shi in Ming dynasty indicate the complex relationship between imperial examinations and society:Hu Ji Lei Bie made up by diversity and imbalance demonstrates imperial examinations’openness and people indeed changed their Hu Ji Lei Bie at that time; the change of the quantity of Jin Shi who come from ordinary family suggest that imperial examinations accelerate social vertical mobility, yet the social vertical mobility became increasing slowly as time gone; their average is 34.84 when they were admitted, hence the time they spent on imperial examinations nearly equal to that on work; their family marital status present imbalance, the number of Jin Shi who possess more than 2 mothers or more than 2 wives is increasing, it was one phenomenon that economy development and livelihood trend to extravagant in late of Ming dynasty. The historical contribution of the group is outstanding, in a word, their political contribution is notable, and their cultural contribution is remarkable, and they also possessed military skill; but their sideeffects should not be ignored.Therefore, strengthen the study of Si chuan Jin Shi in Ming dynasty can not only make up for the insufficient of the study of regional imperial examination, but also provide reference for current issue.