Influence Of Experience Of Sport On The Unconscious Perception Process:ERPs Study

Information processing theory is that perception is processing refers to the process of information encoding and processing, including automatic processing and conscious processing.Consciously to identify the target belongs to conscious perception,there is no consciousness in the automatic processing,Unconscious perception is the product of this automatic processing. It is not only in the aspect of behavioral responses, but also to study the neural mechanisms of perceptual processing level.In the field of sports,at frist,researchers study specific sport experience in scenario of sport,and then researchs extended to general situations.Those studies of perceptual processing of athletes have researched on conscious awareness.However,the unconscious perceptual process is an important part of the perceptual process,and base on automation of motor skills, the unconscious perception and movement execution have a close relationship.So that it is necessary to researche the unconscious perceptual process of athletes.Table tennis player for the experimental group(n=19), no table tennis experience of college students as control group(n=23).Two groups of participants have been experimented as random samples to do the task in front of the computer by buttoning keyboard of the computers to collect behavioral data and event-related potentials of subjects. Using the unconscious priming, experimental procedures,explore the impact of stimulus types to unconscious perception by the image recognition task and the lexical decision task. Four experiments had been adopted in this study, they were independent of each other but linked.Experiment 1 :before image recognition task to be increased unconscious graphic priming stimulus,Experiment 2:before image recognition task to be increased unconscious semantic priming stimulus.Experiment 3:priming stimulus were the same with experiment 2,the task was lexical decision task.Experiment 4:priming stimulus were the same with experiment 1, the task was the same with experiment 3.The main results :(1)Under the condition of four experiments,there were significant difference between match task and nomatch task(P<0.001). The primes of Table tennis players were greater than college students(P<0.05), The primes of four experiments showed a significant difference(P<0.05).(2) In experiment 1, the peak amplitude of P2 at frontal region of players in nomatch task were higher than that in match task. the peak amplitude of N2 at occipital region of players in match task were higher than that in nomatch task.(3) In experiment 2,the peak amplitude of P2 at frontal region of players in match task were higher than that in nomatch task. the peak amplitude of N2 at occipital region of players in match task were higher than that in nomatch task.(4) In experiment 3,the peak amplitude of P2 at occipital region of players in match task were higher than that in nomatch task.(5) In experiment 4,the peak amplitude of N1 at frontal region of college students in nomatch task were higher than that in match task.Conclusion:the experiments successfully induced the subliminal priming effect,in the table tennis athletes and ordinary university students have unconscious perception.The unconscious perception is influenced by sport experience,table tennis athletes showed stronger ability of unconscious perception.The unconscious perception is affected by the visual stimulus types and its representation,table tennis players are more likely to image coding in unconscious perception process.The unconscious perception in the dynamic image recognition tasks and lexical decision task affected by sport experience,there neural mechanisms exist significant differences in the unconscious perception process.