Acquisition Research On The Word “(V) Xia” Based On HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus

Directional Complement is the most frequently used in Contemporary Chinese Language, it is also one of the most important grammatical element when we teach Chinese as a foreign language, because of the complexity of its structure and grammatical meanings, additionally, there aren’t Directional Complement in many other languages.However, the Acquisition Research about Directional Complement are less, most of the informed research concentrated on the Directional Complement as a whole,they nearly ignored the differences between single directional verb. The statistics which based on HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus suggest the“(V)xia” has been used 847 times, Even the foreign students with higher language proficiency had not fully mastered the grammatical meaning of the “(V)xia”. Therefore, it is necessary to have an Acquisition Research on the word “(V)xia”.This research based on HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus, The academic support of it are the Cognitive Linguistics and Interlanguage Theory. “(V)xia” have three grammatical meanings which are directional meaning, consequent meaning and state meaning. After collect and sort out corpus, we calculate statistical data including accuracy, error rates and relative frequency according to Different levels of learning.Next, we obtain meanings’ acquisition order. In order to enrich the theory of teaching Chinese as a foreign language and promote the development of teaching, the research analyzes errors.Elementary level of the “(V)xia” have been used 600 times, m iddle level of the “(V)xia” have been used 196 times and high level of the“(V)xia” have been used 51 times.The statistical tables show the accuracy of “(V)xia1” increase rapidly and the accuracy of “(V)xia2” improve gradually, “(V)xia3” has highest accuracy, based on Shi Jia Wei ‘s Second Language Acquisition theories, we obtain the sequence of acquisition order : “(V)xia2”, “(V)xia1”, “(V)xia3”.Errors are unavoidable, “(V)xia” have 134 times, we bagged them in four packets, they are omission, addition, wrong alternation and disorder. With the improvement of learning levels all of them are reduced gradually. wrong alternation is the the largest proportion that is 61.9%. Errors produced are due to interlingual transfer, overgeneralization, misleading language interpretation and non- linguistic interference.To correct errors, the research put forward pertinence suggestions. As a learner, you should often do self-reflection and draw upon each other’s strength, choose your own learning strategy and communication strategy, devote yourself to learn step by step. As a teacher, first of all, you should keep pace with the times, enrich ideas and means of teaching Chinese as a foreign language constantly. Secondly, a teacher should refine on their teaching methods.According to the acquisition order, Difficulty and keypoint should be stressed, But above all, as a teacher,you should encourage students to work hard and make them finding pleasure in learning.