| Nonprofessional helping happens frequently here and there in daily life, and it makes a difference as the research on psychological help-seeking and social support indicates. Since counseling and psychotherapy originate from nonprofessional helping, research on nonprofessional helping will also enlighten professional helping. However, it hasn’t been attached enough importance and scientific research. Most existing research just focused on brief description or interviewing to indirectly understand this area, and some were limited to the evaluation framework of professional psychological helping.By convenient sampling and theoretical sampling, the present study gathered 10 records of nonprofessional psychological helping process, and then analyzed them by grounded theory. The results showed that there are 13 types and 20 types of helpee verbal behaviors, which are:narration; feelings-expressing, which contains negative feelings-expressing and emotion-releasing; exploration, which contains self-exploration and other-exploration; question, which contains asking something about helper, inquiry, and asking for opinions or suggestions; agreement; disagreement; clarification; paraphrasing, which contains restatement and complementary paraphrasing; completing solutions; positive feedback, which contains superficial positive feedback and hearty positive feedback; gains summary; insight; other, which contains focus-shifted talk and chat. There are 19 types and 35 subtypes of helper verbal behaviors, which are:open question; closed question; analyzing, which includes analyzing helpee, analyzing others and analyzing things; paraphrasing, which includes restatement and complementary paraphrasing; helpee condition normalization; approval and reassurance; denying; information, which includes facts, opinions, trendless feedback and wisdom; challenge, which includes facilitative challenge and pressing challenge; making positive, includes lightening and instillation of hope; tendentious feedback, which includes praise, helpee behavior/response normalization, and criticism; reflection of feelings; soothing; suggestion; informing the pros and cons; self-disclosure, which includes disclosure of "I am behind you", disclosure of the similar suffering, disclosure of reference, disclosure of strategies and disclosure for supporting opinions; waiting; other, which includes focus-shifted disclosure and chat.According to the interaction of helpee’s verbal behavior and helper’s,5 interaction units, which are questions and answers(S-to-Z), questions and answers(Z-to-S), "pulling", "debate" and "cooperation", are discovered.By grounded theory, a theory of nonprofessional psychological helping is constructed: nonprofessional psychological helping is intended to obtain relief, which includes solutions, thoughts and feelings. The interactions characterized by "cooperation" probably tends to success, however, the interactions characterized by "pulling" or "debate" possibly tends to failure.At last, the findings and the limitations of the present research are discussed; the future directions, practical and theoretical implications value of this paper are presented. |
