Conflict Mapping And Resolution Strategy:a Case Study Of Crisis Management In Abyie Area

Currently, there is a broad consensus that the area of Abyei is a hotspot for conflict between the North and South Sudan deserving increased attention.As a geographic bridge along the border of both countries, Abyei embodies many of the core issues and requirements in the2005Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA). However, due to intricate political-economy problems, the issue of Abyei is not yet resolved. Hence, the unresolved impasse between the two countries over a failure to implement the CPA’s Abyei Protocol negatively affects the durability of peace in both the north and south Sudan and threatens to spark renewed conflict between them, despite a successful referendum that endorsed the secession of the South.Over the past several years, a number of agreements were reached between NCP and SPLM/A to defuse tensions and resolve the status of Abyei. However, although NCP/Sudan has accepted the February2011referendum, most of agreements related to Abyei issue have not been implemented.The key constituencies in Abyei conflict are the two regimes of the North and South Sudan along with the Ngok Dinka and Missiriya ethnic groups. Since the signing of the CPA, Missiriya and Ngok Dinka traditional leaders have been attempting at the local level to safeguard the peace and prevent a larger conflict though these efforts are not well publicized and supported by governments as well as the international community.In this regard, unilateral actions that have been taken by both the NCP and SPLM are a breach of the CPA. The Missiriya and Abyei areas suffer from limited access to information that diminishes the capacity of these groups to resist undue pressures from political actors in both the North and South thereby navigating their interests in a free and informed manner within a national dialogue.A comprehensive and successful solution to the Crisis in Abyei will need short and long term arrangements that are essential to address multifaceted issues such as natural resource use and ownership, issues of security in the area, and the ongoing needs and rights of migratory and potentially transboundary populations.Moreover, versatile efforts by relevant stakeholders at the local, national, regional, and international levels will significantly help to overcome the potential for renewed conflict between the North and the newly independent South. Understanding the severity of the problem, an urgent resolution is of paramount significance before it deteriorates from a currently acute instability between the two neighboring states. I believe that the two states should first fully recognize each other that they are two sovereign states and think of the long-term benefits of working together, not short-term political gains at the expense of the other. In this case, a comprehensive and successful solution to the crisis in Abyei will need short and long term arrangements that are essential to address multi-facetted issues such as natural resource use and ownership, economic development and reconstruction in the area, issues of security, and the ongoing needs and rights of migratory and potentially transboundary populations.In this paper, there are three main axes after the introduction and definition of terms related to the topic of the paper and also explanation of self-determination with connecting these terms reality of the situation in Sudan by using examples of other cases in the world today.The first axis shows the historical background which is important because the paper shows to strained relations between the state of Sudan and South Sudan has historical roots and political relation. Which cannot be seen because of its importance in the emergence of the idea of separation and conflict on Abyei, as well as failure of the national government after independence in the management of ethnic and religious diversity and cultural heritage that has characterized Sudan and in particular between the north and the south.The second axis shows developments after the National Salvation Revolution down to the texts and applications of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of2005from the Machakos Protocol of the Framework, which provided for self-determination for southern Sudan through a referendum after a transitional period of six years with addressing the pros and cons of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement. It then focuses on the case of this axis of relations between the (partners) in any ruling National Conference and the People’s Movement for the Liberation of Sudan during the interim period to clarify Guarantees the integrity of the export process for the State of the South, and the Sudan objected to the new map announced by the Government of the State of the South, while the issue of Abyei remains the most serious issue in the relations between the states of Sudan and South Sudan. Hence Under these conditions, which confirms the continuity of the state of tension between the state of Sudan and South Sudan it is difficult to optimism in the outlook on the near term to normalize these relations in order to build on the foundations of good neighborliness, cooperation and integration in various fields for the benefit of the two countries and the two peoples, because of the hard-line positions of the leaders of the window in the Government of the State of South and because of external intervention which targets the Khartoum regime and the unity of the country.Third, it is important to emphasize that the past strategy imposed on the two countries to establish neighborly relations distinct by virtue of relationships and different connectors that combine the two, after resolving the outstanding issues between the two countries, and also the conflict among them about Abyei despite the obstacles that prevent this at the moment.In light of the above, the study will investigate and analyze the major factors that precipitate North and South Sudan conflict on Abyei since CPA. The study has entirely depended on secondary data sources.