Research On Standardized Management Of Nursing Home For The Person With Handicapped In Shanghai

Objectives1. Purpose and significance of the researchThe total number of persons with disabilities has already reached82.96million, shown by the second national sample survey for the disabled. It accounts for6.34percent of total population, which is involved with20%of Chinese families. Compared with the first survey that is carried out in1987, the total population of the disabled as well as its percentage in total population has both risen. Meanwhile, the proportion of different disability and age has changed. According to the outcome of second sample survey, the proportion of the aged and the severely disabled increased. There are44.16million disabled people above the age of60, accounts for53.24%of the total number. Compared with statistics of1987,there are23.65million aged and disabled people newly emerged and it accounts for75.5%of total increased number of the disabled. The number of severely disabled and extremely disabled people has reached24.57million and29.62percent of the total number. The group of persons with disabilities is a huge and special group which should never be neglected. The life condition of disabled people will not only affect big number of families but also politics, economy and stability of the society.It’s for quite a long time that the society accept the concept that he life of disabled people could only depend on the care of family members. This mode press pressure and burden on their family. Because of unique character of disabled people, the care they need also differs a lot from general service for the elderly. Besides heavy burden, caregivers also suffer from body fatigue and tension,wrath and depression of mood, which will finally have bad impact on their care. The long-term care for disabilities leads family members and friends of disabilities to a dilemma:they are facing both pressure of traditional morality and pressure of work and family economy. The domestic problem has evolved into social issue while the traditional care mode could not sustain efficient for long. With the social change and change of family structure, there are more and more advocates and higher and higher demands for carrying out social care service.As a metropolises with a population of over20million, Shanghai definitely has a huge group of disabled people.Before the second sample survey, it is estimated that there were around521.7thousand disabled people in Shanghai, which accounts for4%of total population of the city. Then the second sample survey shows that there are around942thousand disabled people in China and the percentage in total population arose to5.29%. Though the population growth of Shanghai are lower than6.39%of domestic average, we should still attach much importance to the disabled group because of the large population base.As one of modern metropolises and also a city that suffers from aging problem, Shanghai takes a leading position in care service for the disabled people. As early as2004, Shanghai Disabled Persons’ Federation carried out experiment of care service for severely disabled and unemployed people in the way of purchasing social service. It has been listed in Municipal program of Shanghai in2006. Shanghai security service for the disabled has transferred from traditional familial care mode to social security network. After constant promotion and organization, there are about8000disabled people that enjoy this service and moved into196such social care center, which they have received humanized service there. Their relatives are free from the work of caring them and themselves become more confident and enjoy decent life.However, at the very beginning of this program, it was postponed for there were no specialized care center for the disabled. Finally, we contacted social welfare foundation to add disabled people into their waiting list. And then we found more than80percent of these organizations are private-run organizations. Their service and administration level differ and service should be standardized. On the other hand, the number of current care center and the area that they cover are far from the requirement of disabled people and their relatives. We need to establish more care center for the society. Moreover, it’s a social welfare program that government purchase service to establish social care center for the disabled. We have to set a uniform standard for the service of social care center so that government and social care could be most efficient for the disabled people.My essay is based on standardized administration of care center for the disabled. Combining current situation in Shanghai and my experience, I tried to research and design entrance standard and service standard for care centers for the disabled people and even further a set of service rules basing on the requirement of social development.2、Materials and MethodsI chose systematic evaluation of material as main method to evaluate background and current situation of care service for the disabled people and then applied Stratified random cluster sampling and organization survey to have a general idea of current requirement and situation of care for the disabled people in Shanghai.Secondly, based on current administration and system of care center in Shanghai and combine with the character of different disabled, I designed structure of entrance standard of care center for the disabled people. After reading materials and field survey in different organizations, I collected standard entrance mode for reference in different types in my structure and then form the entrance standard finally. After then, the research group carried out buyer authentication and Delphi expert authentication to argue for and adjust thescientificalness,rationality and practicality of the research outcome.Finally, after systematic evaluation of material, I formed structure of service standard. On the basis of element of service standard,I collected list by material analysis, typical organization survey and interview of key person to form service standard of care center for the disabled.3、Main results:Background and current situation of care service for the disabled(1)As for care service for the disabled people, social attention is definitely limited and no special area has been formed. There are no clear entrance standard as well as service of care centers. Researches in this field are far from sufficient and deep research is required.(2) With the growth of total disability population, aging trend and changes in familial structure, the calls for care service for the disabled are louder and louder. In recent years, the government attached much attention in this field and introduced policies and fund for this issue.(3) There are totally8000disabled people who enjoy full-day care service in the institutions. Among them,39.95%are mentally handicapped,30.85%are mentally disorder patients,19.64%are physically disabled,6.49%are visually handicapped and2.86%are hearing handicapped.0.36%of them are below the age of20,24.42%are from20to40,44.04%are from40to60and31.18%are above60.(4)There are196care service center that could receive appointed disabled people, among which21.18%are public institutions and78.82%are private institutions.11.76%are in downtown area and others are in rural area. In all their staff,13%are administrators,78%are nursing staff,9%are nurses and doctors.6%of them have received education of university or even higher level,13%of them graduated from college,24%from senior high school or technical school,57%from primary school. The ratio of nursing staff against doctors and nurses are1:8.Research of entrance standard of care center(1) First level of element consists of qualification, condition and procedure. The second level of element consists of main body setup, plan setup, area setup, condition setup, approval setup, acceptance inspection and merging and dismissing. (2) On the main basis of outcome of experts’ aguements, the entrance standard is formed and adjust on the basis of suggestion of service sellers, buyers and administrators.Research of service standard of care center(1) First level of element consists of implicit service and explicit service and assistive stuff. The second level of element consists of care service, food service, medical service, rehabilitation service and administration system.(2) On the main basis of outcome of experts’aguements, the service standard is formed and adjust on the basis of current situation of Shanghai and characters of disabled people.Conclusion1、There are high demands for care service for the disabled while different institutions have quite different service. It’s required and necessary to construct entrance standard and service standard for the care center of the disabled in Shanghai.2、The construction of these two standards will not only ensure disabled people to enjoy basic and fitting service and have a dignity life. It will also free their relatives so as to improve the condition of their family. Finally, the fund of the government will be guaranteed in this way.