Comprehensive Evaluation Of Disability And Long-term Care Cost Of The Elderly In China

With the increasing degree of social aging,the health care of the elderly has attracted more and more attention.For the elderly,medical care has become a huge and rigid demand service.Accurate assessment of disability level and nursing needs of the elderly will provide an important basis for the establishment of long-term care insurance system in the country.Using the questionnaire data of the China Health and Elderly Care Tracking Survey in 2015 and 2018,the disability level of the elderly in China was multidimensional assessed,and the disability scale of the elderly was predicted,and the long-term care time,cost and form of the elderly were analyzed.The research shows that:(1)There are obvious differences in disability in age,urban and rural areas,and spouse.The disability degree of female,elderly,rural and non-spouse elderly is higher than that of other elderly;(2)The disability level increases with the age of the elderly,and there is a significant negative correlation between education level and disability level.The average disability level of the rural elderly is higher than that of the urban elderly;(3)It is predicted that the growth rate of the elderly population will exceed 60%from 2020 to 2030.Among the young elderly,the growth rate of urban elderly is significantly higher than that of rural elderly;In the elderly group,the proportion of moderate disability in elderly men is higher than that in women,but the proportion of health is far lower than that in women;(4)As for the nursing needs of the elderly,the elderly who can take care of themselves often live with their spouses and prefer to pursue spiritual enjoyment;Elderly people who can’t take care of themselves want to get home care services,elderly table services and other nursing needs from the community;(5)The institutional care cost of the elderly is higher than the family care cost,and increases with the increase of disability level.The care cost of severe disability is 2.7times that of mild disability and 3.5 times that of family care.Therefore,we should promote smart pension,provide suitable jobs for the elderly,increase income diversification,and ease the pressure of care costs;Develop the silver economy,expand the development of elderly care institutions,and absorb and introduce professional nursing staff.