The Study On The Government Regulation Of "Micro-philanthropy"

Since the Reform and Opening up, China’s philanthropy career has grown vigorously. Thestate has introduced a number of preferential policies to support philanthropy, social participationand enthusiasm for philanthropic activities have risen gradually, and philanthropic fields havespread increasingly, which indicates the coming of philanthropy’s prosperity and greatlydevelopment. However, in recent years, the government-run charitable organizations have oftenfell into the scandals, pushing them to face unprecedented social confidence crisis,which not onlywarns the government-run charitable organizations to reform the management systems, but alsopromote the further development of "micro-philanthropy ".Micro-philanthropy, a new form ofphilanthropy, which bases on the Web2.0technology and "we media" platform, has shown a fullswing of development recently. The rise of "micro-philanthropy” implies that China’sphilanthropy career has turned from traditional "Big Charity" led by government and entrepreneurinto "small charity" led by social publics and communities.The theory of Externality and Information Asymmetry provide the government regulation of"micro-philanthropy" with a better perspective and analytical dimensions. The negativeexternalities "micro-philanthropy” has produced or may produce, and information asymmetryphenomena have laid the necessary premise of government regulation. By building a simplecost-benefit mode, we can conclude that on the terms of micro-philanthropy’s governmentregulation, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages, and the benefits are more than the costs,which have laid the rationality premise of government regulation.Government’s regulation of micro-philanthropy is distinct from economic regulation andother social regulation in terms of demand, scope, extent, content and form, which means it needsto build an unique, efficient and scientific regulation mode. In the development process ofmicro-philanthropy, the governments undertake the public responsibilities which aim at themaximum of people’s interests; the micro-philanthropy organizations assume social responsibilities which seek for social self-management and self-monitoring;social people whobenefit from the regulation have also take the civic responsibilities to support and superviseregulation process. Therefore;the regulation of micro-philanthropy is not simply the responsibilityof the governments;it needs to unify all the social forces and resources to build a cooperativeparticipatory regulation mode.“Free lunch” uses the new media as main transmission positions to gather forces fromgovernments and society;change public policy agenda;affect system design and promotecooperative governance of officials and public;whose successful patterns are important referencesfor government regulation.To some extent;“Free lunch” has opened a new era of“micro-philanthropy”.The cooperative governance and positive interactions betweenmicro-philanthropy stakeholder groups and governments can expand governance paths for charityaffairs and public affairs;help local governments change outdated notions and increasegovernance power;and make great efforts in achieving the goals of using the public authority forand only for the public.Based on the analysis of regulation environment;micro-philanthropy’s governmentregulation are facing some external dilemmas such as imperfect legislation systems;political"limited accountability" and "expediency doctrine";immature network public sphere;etc.Meanwhile;micro-philanthropy’s government regulation are also confronting with some internalpredicaments such as dual management systems;multi-agent regulation mode;the lack ofprofessional personnel and opaque regulation process;etc. To solve these problems;governmentsneed to improve regulation policy systems;transform political culture;explore social regulationmode of cooperation and participation;foster better social environment and strengthengovernment regulation mechanisms.