Japanese Regulations On Part-time Employment And Its Inspiration For China

Under the background of economic globalization, the market competition is becoming increasingly fierce. For the sake of reduction labor cost, many enterprises gradually start to hire more part-time workers. With the development of economy, people’s value and employment view also change. More and more people tend to choose more flexible work. Not only for the wages, but also for the realization of self-value. The part-time employment originated in Japan after World War II, as the recovery of Japan’s domestic economy, ease the labor shortage. While until 1970s, it starts in China. The part-time employment has played a key role in alleviating the contradiction of labor market.This paper makes a comparative study on the part-time employment in China and Japanese. It is divided into three parts.Part I mainly introduces the Japanese part-time employment including the background for the increase of part-time workers, social influence and the Japanese labor legislation on part-time employment. Part-time employment starts in Japan after the World War II for the recovery of Japanese economy. With the development of industrialization and reform of the third industry, the number of part-time workers is rising. The vigorous development of part-time employment has some impact on Japanese society, including the impact of lifelong employment system and the impact of employment instability. In 1993 Japanese government formulated the "Part-time worker" law. The legislative purpose of this law is to guarantee part-time workers’ labor safety, encourage enterprises to improve the treatment of part-time workers. In 2007, Japan revised the "part-time workers" law, the revised law emphasizes the treatment equilibrium of part-time workers and full-time workers.Part II introduces the part-time employment in China, including the background,the social influence and Chinese legislation on part-time employment. China’s part-time employment is accompanied by the 1970’s economic system reform. The reform of state-owned enterprises and the level of urbanization continues to improve, provides a great deal of labor resources to part-time works. The part-time employment increases employment opportunities, alleviate the labor market of our country’s employment pressure, promoting China’s economic and social stability and harmony. But due to the lack of legal regulation on part-time employment, Chinese part-time employment has a lot of problems. Including low wage, social security, etc.Part Ⅲ is on the basis of the former two parts, proposed consummates our country part-time employment suggestion. First of all, learning from Japanese experience, using a double standard on the definition of part-time workers. Secondly, specification for part-time labor contract forms and lifting system, restrictions on the use of dismissal power, so that the legitimate rights and interests of laborers are fully guaranteed. Thirdly, improve the part-time workers working conditions and treatment. According to the Japanese law, endeavor to make the part-time workers have equal treatment with full-time workers. Finally, we must improve our part-time employment social security system. Aiming at the particularity of part-time workers, making payment reasonable standards, and establish the relevant supporting measures, provide help to part-time workers.