Pedestrian Evacuation Modeling And Complicated Characteristics In Chamber Based On Psychology And Exit Position

With the rapid development of socio-economy, the urbanization process is accelerated. All kinds of accidents are also increasing. In order to reduce the occurrence and damage of assembly places, it is very necessary for us to study on the rule of evacuation and the building structure.In case of accident emergency, the pedestrian will be affected by many factors, such as the environment, the pedestrian behavior and psychology, etc. So the process of evacuation is a very complex physical process. The pedestrian evacuation is researched by computer numerical simulation in this paper. It is researched that effects of subconscious influence behavior and the export position. The efficiency of pedestrian evacuation is analysed. The rationality export position of the building export is also discussed. The main works are as follows:Ⅰ. Based on the idea of behavior modeling and Tajima model, a new lattice gas model of pedestrian evacuation is proposed. The subconscious behavior of preferential direction which is caused by the position change is considered in the new model. The relationships of the width of exit, system size, personnel density, action range and preferential direction strength of subconscious behavior versus evacuation efficiency are investigated by computer numerical simulation. The results show that the depression of pedestrian flow can be avoid near the exit effectively and the arching phenomenon is reproduced in the new model. Subconscious behavior can improve the efficiency of pedestrian evacuation.Ⅱ. To study on the influence of the pedestrian psychology and the floor exits on the pedestrian evacuation, a cellular automaton model is proposed.The evacuation efficiency of exits in the interior and exterior are studied. The influences of exit width, position, density and evacuation time in a single exit are researched by numerical simulation.The relationship between the width of the floor exit and evacuation efficiency in the double stair exit is being studied.The simulation results show that it is the shortest evacuation time as a single stair exit when it is located in the middle position of the floor inward side. The evacuation time increases with the initial density increases.when the width of exit is certain, the evacuation time of a single stair exit is longer than two exits. And when the two exit width are designed, the width of the export difference should be taken a same value for two exits.Ⅲ. A new pedestrian evacuation model in the atrium building is established. The evacuation efficiency is researched when the exits are indoors,external wall and the atrium. The dynamic behavior of the atrium building is investigated by numerical simulation. Furthermore, the location of exit is discussed, The simulation results show that only one exit at the middle of outer wall has the shortest evacuation time.And the greater the density, it is more obvious. When there are two exits, the exit of the diagonally it is the shortest evacuation time which is opposite the atrium building. When two exits have the equal width, the evacuation shall be more efficient.