A Study Of Marx’s Human Essence Theory

The all-round development of human beings is the focus of what Marx has made his lifetime efforts to fight for. In real life, there is the phenomenon that people lose themselves. Therefore he needs to explore the roots of the phenomenon, the ways to realize themselves, as well as the ideal level of re-realize themselves. What implies in its deepest is Human Essence Theory. Marx’s exploration of Human Essence is the core thread which guides his ideas and theories forward. His different conclusions about Human Essence at different times, has given rise to a large number of domestic and foreign academic resonances and arguments, which has produced fruitful results. But academics are more inclined to define the " Human Essence", neglected the ways of thinking which have dominated the entire philosophical contents about "Human Essence". This paper following the logic of transferring the ways of thinking from "abstract man" to "actual man", first inquiries how Marx approach the scientific Human Essence Theory a step by step. And closely combining "Labor" and "social relations", this paper then excavates the inner ground of how people become a man, interprets the inherent dialectical relationship of these two conclusions, and tries to comb, summarize and grasp Marx’s Human Essence Theory.The full paper are divided into five chapters. The first chapter is introduction, acts as a prerequisite for writing this paper. The second chapter traces the historical sources of Marx’s Human Essence Theory, which mainly include the ancient Greek philosophers’, medieval philosophers’, modern Western philosophers’and classical German philosophers’ views about Human Essence, and combs out the parts of these views which have exerted some guidance on Marx’s Human Essence Theory. In so doing, this part provides the theoretical support for the paper. The third chapter reviews the evolution orbit of Marx’s Human Essence Theory. Aiming to go deep into the Marx’s Text, search his different conclusions about Human Essence at different times, grab the logic that changes the ways of thinking from "abstract man" to "actual man", and eventually highlights its historical development. The forth chapter panoramically displays Marx’s Human Essence Theory. Starting from Marx’s two conclusions about Human Essence and combining "Labor" and "social relations", this part deeply interprets Marx’s Human Essence Theory from two dimensions and their dialectical relationship. The last chapter describes the ultimate point of Marx’s Human Essence Theory, that is realize all-round development of human beings. This part also analyses the profound meaning of the all-round development of human beings, the unity of man’s all-round development and their essence in history and logic, so as to seek the realistic road to achieve it and its realistic enlightenment for China.