The Chinese Communist Party’s Policy On Soldier Movement To The Manchukuo Army

The Chinese Communist Party’s Policy on Soldier Movement to the ManchukuoArmy is an important part of the concrete embodiment of the Northeast Anti-JapaneseNational United Front, it occupies an important position in the history of theNortheast Anti-Japanese war. The research, on this topic in academic circles, however,is still very weak. In this paper, the complex process of change by the ChineseCommunist Party on the work of the Manchukuo police from1931-1945will beinvestigated in order to reveal its background, characteristics and the role if played.In the14years of Northeast Anti-Japanese War, the developmental history of theChinese Communist Party’s Policy on Soldier Movement to the Manchukuo Armycan be divided into the following four periods.The first period, from1931to1933, was the period of the united front of thelower level work by Chinese Communist Party’s on Soldier Movement to theManchukuo Army. In1931, after9.18incident broke out. According to theinstructions of the CPC Central Committee, under the slogan of arming forces todefend the Soviet Union, fighting against imperialism, fighting against theKuomintang’s, the Chinese Communist Party organization began to establish acommission to the soldiers, and work on Manchukuo Army’s predecessor, the originalpart of Northeast Army who depended on the Japanese invaders. But because ofshortage of funds and lack of cadres, it had little success. In1932, after theestablishment of Manchuria, the wave of Manchukuo Army Mutiny appeared. TheChinese Communist Party Organization intensified the lower united front ofManchukuo Army. It had made some achievements, but due to the implementation ofthe Northern Convention of the "left" adventurism and close door policy, it alsocaused harm to a certain extent and affected the development of the Northeast Anti-Japanese struggle.The second period, from1934to1937, was the period of adjusting the ChineseCommunist Party’s Policy on Soldier Movement to the Manchukuo Army. Thedevelopment and climax of Anti-Japanese National United Front work by the ChineseCommunist Party. Until the autumn of1934, according to the spirit of1.26Instructions Letter of the CPC Central Committee in1933, the Northeast ChineseCommunist Party Organization changes the Policy on Soldier Movement to theManchukuo Army from the original united front of the lower level to theAnti-Japanese National United Front, beginning the united front work on theManchukuo Army. In1937, the Lugou Bridge incident broke out, with the climaxresulting from the Manchukuo Army. The Northeast Chinese Communist PartyOrganizations adopted a flexible means of the united front, and made greatachievements on the work of Manchukuo police, becoming a strong impetus to thedevelopment of the Northeast Anti-Japanese struggle. But it should be noted that,during this period, in the North Manchu area, the Chinese Communist Party’s Policyon Soldier Movement to the Manchukuo Army still had the "leftist" mistakes in somedegree.The third period, from1938to1941, the Chinese Communist Party was indifficult conditions, and adhered to the Anti-Japanese National United Front work onManchukuo Army. In1938to1939, the Chinese Communist Party organization andits leadership of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition suffered serious loss, withNortheast Anti-Japanese situation was getting worse. The Northeast ChineseCommunist Party’s Policy on Soldier Movement to the Manchukuo Army turnedtemporarily into the low tide, the focus of the work changed from mobilizing thepolice mutiny to aiming for its“neutrality”.The fourth period, from1942to1945, was the adjustment of the military tacticsof savings strength, winning at last. By the end of1941to early1942, the main forceof the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition was forced to enter the Soviet Union to carryout training. In view of the revolutionary conditions not being ripe, the NortheastChinese Communist Party organization adjusted the united front tactics against the Manchukuo Army: no longer requiring immediate mutiny, but keeping the secretcontact and accumulating strength. In August1945, the Soviet Union sent troops toNortheast China, under the influence of the United Front. The Manchukuo Armyrevolted and made important contributions to the final victory of the Anti-Japanesewar in Northeast China.To sum up, in the Northeast Anti-Japanese War, the CPC Central Committee andthe Northeast Chinese Communist Party Organization according to the changes ofdomestic and international situation, timely adjusted the policies and strategies of theManchukuo Army, expanding and strengthening the Anti-Japanese National UnitedFront, having an important influence on the final victory of Anti-Japanese war inNortheast China.