Research On The Effectiveness Of Government Information Publicity In Emergencies

With the development of the society transformation and reform and opening-up, the way of citizens’life also change greatly and toward to diversified way. However, during the progress of development, so many kinds of contradictions occur continuously, and emergencies also occur in so many different situations that closely related with the daily life, bringing huge damage and hazards for the people and the nation.Since the occurrence of "SARS", experts have begun to research the emergencies warmly. There are many reasons that may cause the outbreak of emergencies, containing the natural ones, the man-made ones, and also deep contradictions deriving from the social life. During the process of treating emergencies, the effective disclosure of government information and the effective communication between government and the public come out as the key to the successful solution of emergencies.Then how to make sure the effectiveness of government information publicity not only becomes the governmental research, but also comes out to be an issue all around the world and a focus in many international conferences. The government, the organizer and manager of the society, takes the most important responsibility during emergencies, which could not be replaced by any social organization or individual. Accordingly, it is of great significance to research on the effectiveness of government information publicity to deal with social emergencies.The information disclosed by the government is viewed as the authorities, and one of the most important work of government is to disclose the government information, which is also an organic part of the governmental mechanism. And also, the government information publicity is also viewed as the key and difficult point. Moreover, it is also a method to ensure the citizens’right to know for the law system construction. Generally, emergencies have the characteristics of abruption, widespread, destructive and uncertainty, which is likely to affect extensive areas and large crowd in short time. If the information could not published in time, or the citizen could not receive the correct information, the emergency will be likely to affect more people and regions, causing unnecessary panic and bringing greater losses. Moreover, the incorrect rumors could lead to the panic in society and huge damage and loss for the society. The prevention, detection and warning, treatment and rescue, as well as the recovery and reconstruction are all closely related with the interests of citizens. As the communication and administration means of the government and the channel of ensuring citizens’right to know, information publication has direct and indirect influence on emergencies. The current panic mode of Chinese government emergency management has many advantages, for example, practicability, strong mobilization capacity, and strong sense of identity, in dealing with emergencies and solving crises.Since the reform and opening up, Chinese government has successfully treated several heavy emergencies, accumulating experience on treating emergencies and managing abnormal social matters. However, there are still many problems and deficiencies, for example, the understanding of emergency management is backward: the thought of "focusing on rescue other than prevention" is still dominant in managing emergencies; no laws are legislated for emergency and administrative emergency treatment; the mechanism of positive interaction between the government and the public has not been established; no effective crisis warning mechanism. Correspondingly, governments at all levels should continuously improve their crisis consciousness, study the knowledge being related with the management of emergencies, get rid of the current thought of "focusing on rescue other than prevention", and take emergency warning and treatment as an important part of the daily management work and planned work. This paper analyzes the significance of government information publicity in emergencies and the influencing factors based on the concept and related theories of emergencies and government information publicity. This paper also indicates the current deficiency of Chinese government in the disclosure of information about emergencies, and provides corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, which can provide reference for relevant government departments and promote the effectiveness of information transmission in such emergencies.