Power And Architects Under The Background Of Modernity Transformation:The Political Discourse And The Political Ritual In TheSpace Of Huanghuagang Cemetery For The 72 Martyrs (1911-1927)

Architectural space is more an important gateway to the mind of political figures and vital carrier of their politics than a pile of bricks. The transformation process of architectural space shows social subjects involved in and the vivid picture of society. Since ancient time, the ruler consciously or unconsciously visualized political will by architectural space to capture the imagination of the audience and achieve the goal of enlightenment. Since modern times, influenced by the western culture, many public spaces with a strong political significance appeared. Rulers conveyed their political ideology through space arrangement and reorganization in order to inspire the common people and to unite all the party members. To observe microscopic details and the great layout of architectural space help us to understand the concept, will and purpose of power. The ritual arrangements and performance in architectural space shows the political mechanism. The static and dynamic solidification language is not just to add a dimension of understanding the history of politics, is also to help understanding the political mechanism today, but also to help understanding the development of political modernization. Due to China’s vast territory, this essay focuses on lingnan, Guangdong and Guangzhou to analyze their feature. Kuomintang members conveyed their political ideology through space arrangement and reorganization. Firstly, This essay comes up with a new model to analyze the relationship between political power and architects by clarifying "modern", "modernity" and "modernization", and then explains the relationship of power and architects in the early time of the Republic of China. Then this essay focuses on the two main sets of buildings in Huanghuagang Cemetery for the 72 Martyrs, the construction of which lasted from 1911 to 1927. It aims at giving a careful analysis of the origins of and the intentions behind each and every design and space planning of the cemetery. In so doing, it puts the hidden ideology and purposes of the cemetery’s constructors into perspective. Huanghuagang Cemetery for the 72 Martyrs initiates the construction of memorial architecture in modern China. As a combination of the outward exotic appearance and Chinese elements, the cemetery functions to broaden the appeal innate in both traditional Chinese culture and western civilization, by which the revolutionists (Kuomintang members) demonstrate its power that transcends national boundaries, and provide their people with a blueprint for the future development of the state. The ultimate goal is to infiltrate their politics implicit in the cemetery, to inspire the common people, to unite all the party members in their efforts to eradicate the old and establish the new, and to assert their ruling authority.The Huanghuagang 72 Martyrs’Mausoleum was built to commemorate the 72 Martyrs during the Huanghuagang Uprising by the revolutionists during the early day of the Republic of China. It is a tough process transforming an ordinary graveyard into a divine memorial pubic space, which serves as one of the early examples of memorial architecture in modern China. This essay focuses on the political rituals performed by Kuomintang members in this architectural space, the organization and arrangement of space within the mausoleum. The ultimate goal is to convey their political ideology through the mausoleum, to inspire the common people, to unite all the party members in their efforts to eradicate the old and establish the new, to pass on social and historical memory and to assert their ruling authority.