Emperical Research On Biomechanical Mechanism Of Forward And Backward Walking And Its Fit-Keeping Effect

Objective:This study expects to reveal the relevant biomechanical mechanism of backward walking(BW) in order to provide the biomechanical basis for popularizing fitness model of BW; The study expects to reveal the effects of backward walking on reducing the body fat and increasing the balance function of obese or overweight women. Methods:The kinematics, dynamics, EMG means have been used synchronously to obtain biomechanical parameters, and the hip, knee, ankle and foot joint torque and joint function were gained by inverse dynamics; 30 overweight female volunteers coming from Southwestern University were randomly divided into three groups, backward walking group, Forward walking group and Blank control group. after 8 weeks the experimental intervention, related fitness and balance ability index before and after the experiment was detected by body composition analyzer, balance testing instrument and the motion energy monitor. Results:compared with forward walking(FW), The subjects of BW had superior influence towards direction and showed a decline significantly in speed and stride length of walking, while the two related joint angular displacement showed striking similarity during both model of walking. ankle moment mode in FW and phase inversion BW also showed similarity surprisingly. however, knee, and hip joints moment mode are not so similar to ankle joint. Joint power of Knee, ankle and hip had larger differences in both of walking and concluded the main driving force and shock absorption of BW coming from the ankle and knee, hip joint can produce hardly any push power. EMG data further provided evidence for the power source of the ankle joint in BW. In FW, its power source was mainly undertaken by the hip and knee joint; Results:Compared with the control group and before the experiment, group B was significantly decreased in body weight, body fat%, waist circumference, calf circumference, thigh circumference, BMI index, while indices of the maximal oxygen uptake and single leg support with the eyes closed, standing on wood Longitudinal and side across jumping were significantly increased; Only 4 indices in V group were decreased markedly in weight, body fat%, waist circumference and thigh circumference and 2 indices were showed a significant rise in the maximal oxygen uptake and standing on wood Longitudinal; Compared with 6 covariation indexes of B and V groups, group B superior to V group Obviously in reducing weight, body fat, waistline and promoting VO2 max, while the other 2 indices have no difference. Conclusion:Practice of BW can modify the neural mechanisms and contribute to motor learning which was beneficial to the impaired musculoskeletal function re-education. patella femoral joint endured lower reaction force from the ground during BW, therefore, BW was beneficial to the recover for injured patients overusing the lower extremity. Backward walking and forward walking are positive to reduce overweight women’s body fat, enhance the physical fitness and increase the balance ability. but the backward walking is better effect than that of forward walking in increasing fitness. So, we suggested to promote Backward walking method in the university students or adolescent obesity groups.