Analysis Of The Development Of Higher Education In Tanzania

Two thirds of the whole population in Tanzania engage in agriculture.It makes agriculture a main source of the national economy of Tanzania.Added with the long-term colonization,Tanzania is poor and weak all the time.To pursue the national goal of true independence and high-speed development,President Nyerere government made education as a breakthrough policy in early times.As far as Higher Education is concerned,it developed with the change of various policy in order to finish the education localization,improve the economy,transit the society and make progress of the country.Three main stages compromise the history of Tanzania Higher Education.Firstly,starting and developing period.Within the 1960s,Higher Education in Tanzania has achieved a lot.University of Dar es Salaam was established in 1961.In 1967,the launching of The Arusha Declaration set the national rule of self-reliance.In the early 1970s,Higher Education has made a huge progress in terms of infrastructure,enrollment,faculties and departments,and still the reforms went on,including Musoma Rwsolition.Secondly,plateau period.Badly influenced by the 1978 Uganda War,1979 Middle East Oil Crisis and the late times of 1970s agriculture flooding and drought,Tanzania was stuck in home crisis.It followed by that the government was faced with the financial problems.This was a disaster for the development of Higher Education which was largely dependent on the government for recurrent expenditure.University problems were commonly occurred as financial difficulties and administrative crisis,such as students movement and teaching staff strike.The development of Higher Education was in dilemma at that time.Thirdly,tough reform and redevelopment period.In the middle of 1980s,Tanzania Regained new foreign aid from IMF,Wold Bank,etc.Higher education made new corresponding policy which again partly threaten the interests of students and staff.This time,the new government made a firm determination to cure the disease of Higher Education thoroughly As a result,ITP and other reforms turned into the guiding principles of new age.And this will become what makes the Tanzania Higher Education a world leading role.