Comparison Of Two Kinds Of Teaching Philosophy And Its Significance For The Reform Of Teacher Education

Teaching philosophy is a basic idea and thought for teachers’ teaching and students’ learning or a series of training activities, and it is a reflection of educational philosophy in the teaching activities. According to the role and function of teachers and students in the teaching processes, teaching philosophies can be divided into the philosophy of “teacher-centered” and “student-centered”. This thesis explored the research progress and hotspot of two kinds of teaching philosophies by using the literature metrology. Based on the education elements, this thesis compared the two kinds of teaching philosophies and analyzed their applicability. Questionnaire of teachers were taken to explain the cause and effect of teaching ideas and to build path model of reform of teacher education.By analyzing the papers from SSCI and CSSCI, the results showed that the international study of two kinds of teaching philosophies began in 1952 and has experienced steady growth after a slow growth since 1993. Domestic study on this topic began in the end of the 20 th century. It has gone through three stages: the change of thought, the technology of innovation and the design of top-level. Until the early 21 st century, it was similar to the growth trend of international study. The hotspot of international research mainly includes the reflection of “student-centered” teaching philosophy, discussion on the formation and transformation of teachers’ educational belief and the raised new teaching method and curriculum design, while domestic study focuses on the teaching mode and teaching reform, cultivation of innovative talents, idea of learning, and the advanced technology and idea from development countries.The main differences between the two teaching philosophies lie in what is the main body between teachers and students in education. There are differences in the contents of teaching,strategies of education and methods of learning, management and construction of classroom,school environment, and evaluation of teaching and so on educational factor. At the same time,they can join or transformation each other. The two kinds of teaching philosophies have certain scope of application. We can choose teaching philosophy from four aspects; they are students’ academic foundation and psychological characteristics, teachers’ teaching beliefs and professional experience, teaching content and methods, social culture and school management style. From the measures that promote the teaching philosophy in the main countries and regions, the fundamental reason for the reform of teaching philosophy is to promote students’ comprehensive development and improve the international competitiveness of the national education. Countries and regions through issuing laws and policies and increasing spend on education to provide support. Schools and school alliance carry out the reform measures through the reform of curriculum and teacher education.The teaching philosophies are based on the foundation of personality and capacity, family factors have an impact on the “teacher-centered” teaching philosophy. Education research can reduce teachers’ “teacher-centered” teaching philosophy, career identity and teaching ability have significant functions on the two teaching philosophies, and teachers of different courses have different teaching philosophies. Autocratic leadership can help teachers to form the teaching philosophy of “teacher centered”, democratic and supportive leadership can help teachers form the teaching philosophy of "student-centered".Teaching philosophy will influence the teacher to adopt what kind of teaching methods, the formation of the relationship between teachers and students, the relationship between the colleague and what kind of quality of life. In the teachers of different teaching philosophies, the teacher with higher “student-centered” and lower “teacher-centered” shows advantages in the relationship between teacher and student, teachers’ cooperation, the general well-being.From the comparison of ordinary teachers and superfine teachers, according to the path model of reform of teacher education, the paths focus on teaching ability, education research, teaching philosophy, relationship between teacher and student, teaching method. Based on the model, we should choose teaching philosophy as policy lever, choose relationship between teacher and student and teaching method as action area, choose teaching ability and education research as practical tool.