Wu Yuzhang And "Literacy Campaign" Of Wanrong, Shanxi

Upon the founding of People’s Republic of China, the people turn to take the leadership of the country. Within the Socialist Construction in large scale, the national literacy movement enhancing laborers’comprehensive ability has become one important national policy. China promoted the national literacy movement by simplifying characters and formulating the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet. As the leader of the unprecedented educational and cultural movement, Wu Yuzhang took the initiative to deliberate and formulate Chinese Phonetic Alphabet, and presented generous guide during the process. In 1958, the Phonetic Literacy Campaign based on the plan of Chinese pinyin was initiated in Wanrong County. The movement pushes people to learn Chinese Phonetic Alphabet, promotes phonetic reading in large quantity, enhancing the literacy movement speed and avoiding retrogradation and repetition, thus consolidating the literacy achievements and providing the sample for the national literacy movement for farmers. Taking this as one successful sample, Wu came to Wanrong by himself and promoted the experience within the whole country. This paper is designated to deliver a systematic research for the national literacy movement in Wanrong and the promotion of Wu Yuzhang, which can be divided into four parts.Firstly, the background and urgency of the Anti-illiteracy Campaign is introduced based on the situation and tasks of China upon its founding, as well as a brief introduction of national literacy movement by characters reform and the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet.In the second part, the success and the characteristics of the literacy movement for farmers in Wanrong, Shanxi Province is summarized by researching the rising and development.Thirdly, Wu pays attention and promotion to the literacy movement for farmers. He came to Wanrong to listen to reports, communicate with local farmers, holding poem competition and cultural tests.In the last part, the achievement and enlightment is introduced. The movement provides us with the sample of illuminating illiteracy by Pinyin, reduces illiteracy, offers qualified labor force for Socialist Construction, plays a pivotal role for the development of amateur education and the promotion of Chinese traditional culture.This paper aims at presenting a comprehensive and accurate investigation and theoretical analysis, by collecting data in quantity and field trip.