Research On Ma Hetian’s Education Ideology And Practice In The Northwest Border Areas

The period of the Republic of China, especially border areas was dangerous in the period of national malaise. In order to save the frontier crisis, Ma Hetian not only devoted to the research and development of the frontier, but also investigated by himself in the border fields. The way to his investigations,he found that the border areas to get rapid development, must improve the knowledge level of the frontier people. The best way is to develop the education in the frontier areas. The period of Nanking National Government, Ma Hetian had to take charge of President of Lanzhou Sun Yat-sen University, Secretary of Education of Gansu province,Committee member of Government of Gansu province, Director General of the Yucai Department of the QuanXu Ministry of National Government, and member of the Commission for Mongolian and Tibetan and so on, has made a lot of work on the frontier of education and made great contribution to the development of frontier education and professional cultivation.This paper is divided into seven chapters to expound Ma Hetian’s education thought and practice. The first chapter mainly discusses dissertations reason,academic circles introduces the research status of education and Ma Hetian. The second chapter discusses the formation process of Ma Hetian’s education thought in detail, respectively from the family background of Ma Hetian and childhood experiences growing up, ideological transformation during the 1911 Revolution, to Japan to study abroad to accept western concepts and after returning to China, buoyed by the frontier crisis,to carry out education, analyzes the reasons and qualifications of the development of Ma Hetian’s education. The third chapter discusses the importance of the northwest frontier education and the urgency of the frontier education in Ginsu province. The fourth chapter discusses Ma Hetian’s school educational thoughts and practice of elementary education, secondary education, higher education in Gansu province,which improvedthe school education system gradually. The fifth chapter mainly discourses the Ma Hetian’s social educational thoughts, and carried out the practical activity of social adult education. The sixth chapter discusses Ma Hetian’s minority educational thoughts,carried out the practice of Tibetan education and Hui nationality education.The seventh chapter analyzes characteristics, effect and position of Ma Hetian’s education, points out that Ma Hetian’s contribution in the education in Gansu province,and analyzes era limitations of carrying out the education.Through the research of Ma Hetian’s educational thoughts and practices, the author thinks that in the premise of malaise of the northwest frontier region, Ma Hetian appealed to the government and all sectors of society to carry out the education,practiced it physically in Gansu,which promoted the education in Gansu province. Although the development of the education resulted from the war and natural disaster during the process of practice, his experience of education provides the reference for the national government carrying out comprehensive education in 1930 s and 1940 s,and the development of education for the later generations.