A Story Of The Village Family Planning (1970-1990)

Fertility is related to the continuation of nation, the development of the society, and also the future of the nation. After the founding of New China, the Communist Party of China and the People’s Government did not have a clear understanding and enough attention on population issues, with the improvement of people’s material living standards and the development of medical technology, the population birth rate rised and the mortality rate decreased rapidly, stabilized at a lower level, and thus China’s fertility came into the stage of rapid development and population growth was in the state in the blind. Under the planned economy system, the rapid growth of population led to strained resources, population, resources and environment in sharp contradictions. And the Communist Party of China and the People’s Government gradually came to realize the necessity and the urgency to control population, family planning to carry out gradually.Previous researches mostly study family planning from the perspective of demography, sociology and other disciplines, method of the regional social history to family planning research is less. In this paper, from the "bottom-up" research perspective of social history, I learn from the methods of sociology, anthropology and other disciplines to To explore the practice and impact of family planning policy in the rural society. The 21st century, the family planning policy made adjustment accordingly in order to adapt to the demand of new era, and began to implement two-child policy. To carry out the study of the family planning and rural society in Shanxi can not only contribute to improving the theory of the family planning policy, at the same time, it has realistic care to the development of Shanxi rural society and coordinated development of population, resources and environment.In this article, through field research, conducting interviews, we got a more detailed oral information. Oral history can enter the inner world that keeps silence and blockade for a long time, can avoid the disadvantages of traditional historical research in see things but no one to explore alternative history. Specifically, this paper is based on the oral data of Ding Village-a village in Shanxi Province, and provincial, matched with the archival certificate of Level-3 files of provincial, county and village, and refers to the methods of anthropology, sociology discipline, to intend to explore the activities of ordinary villagers in family planning and the influence of family planning in rural society from "bottom-up" research perspective of the regional social history.As is known to all, in the era of collectivization, the planned economy thought extends to the field of fertility, and become the theoretical basis of family planning policy. With the ending of the era of collectivization, the state power is dissociated out of the field of private life gradually, but the family planning policy is still in the implementation, and has been further improved. The article fully discusses the influence of continuity policy for rural social public life. More should be noted that the conflicts is between the "embedded" policy and "more children, more happiness" of traditional culture, which causes difficulties during the process of implementing, and in such a dilemma our country and village society have experienced a long-term adjustment process.We should listen to the voices of the underlying, through the implementation process of family planning policy of a village, to explore the behavior logic of state and society after the era of collectivization and the reform and opening to the outside world, and to explore the relationship between history and reality, and we should respect for the individual life while calling upon the collective spirit.