A Study On Teachers’ Moral Directive Speech Act

Education, as an action between educators and students, is a kind of communication practice. In the process of educational communication, the most important is the language communication between teachers and students in class. The moral directive speeech act of teachers’ speech acts has a great influence on the formation of students’ personality and values, which lead students to grow up so that students can make the right behavior choice. However, many teachers do not have clear intention or awareness when express a directive, some directives have no moral justification, the expression of some moral directives have no illocutionary force.Diffirent from the previous studies which generally focused on the word and semantic meaning of teachers’ directive speech act. the perspective of pragmatics especially Searle’s speech act theory is used to study teacher’s moral directive speech act. The main research method is the theoretical analysis method of educational philosophy especially the normative argument. By means of a varity of literature, facts and other materials, the issue is demonstrated in normative reasoning and examples.In chapter one, the essence of teachers’ moral directive speech act are discussed. On the basis of the analysis of consciousness, intentionality and speech act concept, the concept of the teachers’ speech act is analyzed, through the classification of speech act, teachers’ directive speech act is analyzed, the theory that directive speech act include moral and non-moral is constructed, the expressive genres of teachers’ moral directive speech act are divided into personal and impersonal, teachers’ moral directive speech act is divide into three statement features:positive, negative and condition statement. Teachers’ moral directive speech act is the directive that contain "moral should".In chapter two, the standards of teachers’moral directive is studied. Teacher profession is a kind of special moral profession, whose communication action essence make teachers’moral directive should comply with certain pragmatic principles. Teachers’directive act is independent and interactive. Based on the pragmatic theories, teachers’moral directive act should comply with five pragmatic priciples:the principle of authenticity, the principle of good faith, the principle of correctness, the principle of respect and the principle of timing.In chapter three, the form of performance and the influence factors about illocutionary force of teachers’ moral directive speech act is studied. All the speech mode of teachers’ moral directive speech act have the same illocutionary force that is the guiding force, But different speech mode have different degrees of guidance.The form of performance is divided into explicit and implicit expression, the influence factors are divided into the language internal factors and the external factors. Linguistic factors mainly include:modal term, personal pronoun, modification of predicate verb, tone, intonation and mode of discourse. Non-linguistic factors mainly include:the status, personality traits, authority and virtue of teachers, the age characteristics of students, laws, rules and traditions.According to the linguistics and pragmatics study on teachers’ moral directive, the practical significance of this research is summarily proposed:firstly, teachers’ moral directive should comply with the general norms of speech acts, secondly, because of its essence, moral directive should comply with the certain moral priciples, finally, moral directive should be issued according to the teachers’classroom practice and language context.