Study On Industrial Restructuring In Shandong Province--on The Basis Of Carbon Emission Limitation

Climate issue has become the biggest environmental problems in the world. Greenhouse gas emissions, such as carbon dioxide emission, have influenced global climate models tremendously and challenged the production and life of human beings gravely. In2011, the total carbon dioxide emissions was3.1billion tons in China, which made the country rank first in this area worldwide. Thus China, as a large country, takes the responsibility and sets a goal that in2020the greenhouse gas emissions per unit GDP should be reduced by40%to45%compared with that in2005. Aiming to reach that goal, it is necessary to allocate the emission reduction targets among industries. Only the reasonable allocation will make sure the accomplishment of the reduction. Due to the complex relationship among different industries, if the nation simply limits the development of industries with high emissions and focuses on the development of industries with lower emissions, it can reduce the carbon emissions to a certain extent. However, it potentially causes the imbalance in economic structure, which negatively influences the entire economy. Therefore, environmental factors should be taken into consideration during the industrial restructuring process. But environmental factor is not the only element that counts. In the industrial restructuring, the nation should combine economic and environmental factors together to get better development in the whole round. Exploring the issue of carbon emissions from the perspective of industrial structure is conducive to find and control industrial factors that change carbon emissions. Thus the nation can make effective policy to reduce the carbon emissions.As a big province contributing to the economic development in the eastern coastal areas of China, the GDP of Shandong Province in2011is4.54292trillion, which ranked third only behind Guangdong and Jiangsu. However, because of the large proportion of traditional high energy-consuming industries in its whole economy structure, Shandong became the fastest growing province in dioxide emissions with the ratio of9%of total emissions in China. Thus Shandong has severe pressure on energy conservation. Meanwhile, the industrial structure in Shandong province faces serious challenges too. Large proportion of heavy industry, irrational energy structure, and the low resource conversion efficiency of industrial structure are the key factors causing higher carbon emissions in Shandong than that in Guangdong and Jiangsu. From the perspective of industrial economics, this essay will study the direction of industrial restructuring in Shandong province. Using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, the author will do research especially on the environmental indicator---carbon emissions, on the basis of traditional industrial scale, correlation and some other technical indicators. At first, it will figure out the emissions in Shandong province in2012by using input-output analysis method. Carbon emissions mentioned in this essay include carbon emission in the process of energy consumption and industrial production as well as carbon embodied in international trade. Secondly, carbon emission, set as environmental indicators, is combined with other traditional indicators such as industrial scale, correlation and technique. With these four indicators, the29industrial sectors will be sorted. The author compares the result to that calculated only by three traditional indicators without environmental indicator. Learnt from the research, with the consideration of environmental indicator, the ranking of heavy industries, such as Coal Mining and Dressing, petroleum processing and coking, nuclear fuel processing, metal smelting and rolling, and chemical industry, is substantially declined; while the ranking of the third industry and high-tech industries, such as instrumentation, Machinery manufacturing as office supply, communications equipment, computers and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, is significantly moved up. Then according to the ranking of29industrial sectors, the author proposes the ideas and solutions to adjust the industrial structure in Shandong province. By formulating and implementing proper policies, the government and society will support the development of the third industry and high-tech industries efficiently. Thus the industries of outdated capacity and severe pollution will be orderly seceded or adjusted with low cost. Therefore, it will accelerate industrial structure rationalization and sophistication, and promote the sustained and healthy economic development.