| China is a maritime country with more than7,300islands bigger than500squaremeters, which are located in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea and SouthChina Sea in the form of archipelago, islands, and independent island. The length ofisland coastline is over14,000kilometers, and the total land area of islands is nearly80,000square kilometers, accounting for0.8%of the total land area of China. Thereare12island counties (districts) from north to south in China, namely ChanghaiCounty in Liaoning Province, Changdao County in Shandong Province, ChongmingCounty in Shanghai City, Dinghai District, Putuo District, Daishan County andShengsi County in Zhoushan City of Zhejiang Province, Yuhuan County and DongtouCounty of Zhejiang Province, Pingtan County and Dongshan County of FujianProvince, Nanao County of Guangdong Province, the total number of large and smallislands of which is1,738, accounting for26.7%of all the islands in the whole country,including176islands with residents, which accounting for42%of all the inhabitedislands of China. With the Development Plan of Hainan International TourismIsland been approved, the government pay more attention to and policy incline towardisland tourism, coupled with the growing strength of the regional economy, theimproving of the living environment on the inhabited island and the improving ofresource development capabilities on the island tourism, which make it being a hotspot of a new round of Marine economy.The island is not only an vital support for strengthening the marine economy andexpanding space of development, but also an important platform of protecting theMarine environment and maintaining the ecological balance. However, China lackof experience of island tourism, for the relatively late starting of both the developmentof island tourism and protection of the island, which lead to unreasonable spatialpattern of island tourism development and a series of problems such as drops ofenvironmental bearing capacity, disorderly development and repetitive construction.The measurement and evaluation of island tourism bearing capacity can not onlymeasure all the dynamic effects of tourism activities on the environment, but alsoprovide reference and basis for positioning the bearing function of island tourism andformulation of development strategy. Developing function zone of Island tourismcan not only contribute to sustainable development of island tourism by realizing theorderly development, the optimal allocation and the reasonable layout of the island tourism resources, as well as help to further strengthen the management of resourcesplanning and spatial layout, which contribute to promoting differentiation of islandtourism development and reasonable spatial layout.Firstly, provide the research background, theoretical basis and applicativemethods for the subsequent study by reviewing the research progress of island tourismboth at home and abroad, the relative study of the island county, and by defining therelevant concepts, summarizing theoretical foundation of tourism environmentalcapacity and tourism function zoning.Secondly, study the basic tourism development environment of the12islandcounties (districts) respectively from the historical and geographical environment,resources and ecological environment, social and economic environment, to analyzehistory, geography, resources, ecology, society,economy and its regionalcharacteristics of the12island counties (districts) of China, which can provide basicsupport for measuring the level of tourist environmental bearing capacity, carryingfunctional zoning and its bearing function and layout.Furthermore, to formulate functional zoning based on the spatial and temporalcharacteristics of the tourism environmental bearing capacity of12island counties(districts), first of all, build the evaluation index system of the island county tourismenvironmental bearing capacity; second, evaluate tourism environmental bearingcapacity of the12island counties (districts) by matter-element evaluation modelmethod.Lastly, basing on the formulated functional zoning of the12island counties(districts), put forward the tourism function positioning coordinated with theeconomic and island tourism development of each island county (district), preliminarydraw a map of tourism function positioning of each island county (district),and putforward countermeasure for sustainable development of island county（district）ofChina. To realize the effective control of tourism environmental bearing capacity ofthe12island counties (districts) of China, it’s needed to make sure the tourismdevelopment of each island county coordinated with the island itself. |
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