Chengdu Grain Management Research In The Early Founding Of The New Regime (1949-1952)

In the early founding of the new regime(hereafter referred to as "the (initial)"),in the eradication of the main "counter revolutionary" group power, the people’s republic ofChina ushered in the situation more serious economic challenges. Food problems whichplayed a key role in the economic recovery began toarise, and whether the new people’sgovernment of the masses can meet the demand for food decided whether the newpeople’s government can win the support of the people to defend the consolidation ofthe new regime. From this level is concerned, the food problem was not just aneconomic issue, it was also a political issue. The new people’s regime food problem atthis stage is mainly facing a serious shortage of supply of food, food price volatility,speculation of grain merchants,a state of disorder of food management and food trade.How to strengthen the management of security of supply of food is one of of thebiggest problems facing the newly-founded government. Under the guidance ofideological unity of Finance, the Chinese People’s Communist Central Committeeunveiled a lot of work that has targeted specific policies and guiding significance.Expanded guidance on food issues in the country, the paper entry point for the study ofChengdu, trying to sort out the facts in Chengdu based on a number of foodmanagement situation clearly revealed, food management situation in other parts of thecountry during the same period can thus be glimpsed.Food shortage is a national problem in the beginning of the founding of China, andChengdu is no exception. In this paper, according to the relationship between supplyand demand of departure, based on historical data analysis, in the beginning of thefounding of the new government, Chengdu had a large urban population, in addition tothe need to safeguard the public food supply rations, it also shoulder the burden of thefrontline, but a serious shortage of actual supply of food; food price volatility dramaticups and downs, consistent with national air time several price increases, indicating thatthe national food problems are more serious; due to lack of market management in thefood trade, robbers, spies and private grain dealers rampant speculation, the marketorder once got into chaos. So it is necessary to strengthen national management forfood, build management mechanisms related to food, rectify grain trade order to fullyprotect the food supply, reassure and promote social stability, thus consolidating the new people’s regime.In terms of food management mechanism, at the founging of the new government,China adopted national macroeconomic regulation and market self-regulation, whichseems to be difficult in today’s way of functioning, in fact as for food managementpolicies in this period, the country ’s state-run food agency is leading the way, but thegovernment also paid attention to the active role that private grain providers played.State-run food agency emphasize on regulating the grain market management,however, the implementation of the management of the private grain merchants wasused to increase the supply of an active market, that is, free trade system under theleadership of state-run food agency. In Chengdu, the management of the twostate-owned grain food agencies are Chuanxi Food Authority and Chuanxi FoodCompany, food grain tax collection bureau is responsible for the supply of rations andgovernment agencies and organizations with grain; directly engaged in Chengdu inwestern Sichuan food grain procurement services through retail, by changing the supplymarket regulation play function; management of private business, mainly through thefood grain market management committee, gradually standardize the market orderrectification.Various measures to state agencies for food grain management are carried outunder the guidance of the central government, such as the management of foodspeculation mainly taken to protect legitimate trade ban on private grain merchantsconduct business registration; strengthen efforts to the state grain procurement agency,the implementation of quotations policy strengthen interregional or national foodallocation; widespread construction of warehouses, enhance food storage, to carry out "five evils " campaign to strengthen the management of the private grain dealers andrestrictions and other measures.Implementation of these measures has achieved remarkable results, for thepromotion of the recovery and development of the national economy and promotestable market prices, but also provide logistical support for the Korean War. But forfood management there still exists many problems, the most fundamental is that there isnot a complete and reasonable and a consistent food management system, and the foodshortage problem is not soled fundamentally, the private food management is reducedto a state of " free, active, chaos, tight, rigid," and the vicious cycle continued. At thebeginning of the founding new China, Chengdu food management experience approachhas its own rationale, some institutional arrangement has become a reality system policy. Chengdu grain management is still instructive for our contury to strengthen grainmanagement today.