Research On The Efficiency Of Freight Transport And Its Influential Factors Among Chinese Provinceslrfr

As a basic industry of the national economy, the transportation industry has beencalled the fourth material production sectors after the mining industry, agriculture andprocessing industry. The formation of transportation system is an important carrier ofagglomeration and diffusion of economic activity, and change of the spatial patternwill produce new demands for the transportation. It not only achieves a cross-regionalflowing of people and goods, but also undertakes the tasks of coordination ofindustrial distribution, promoting the economic development of backward areas,driving the development of the upstream and downstream industry.As is in this context, this paper is exploring the factors which affect thedifferences in freight transport efficiency from the aspect of spatial dimension. In thefirst place, it defines the concepts of freight transportation and transportationefficiency, lists some Transportation Economics Theories. On the basis of stating thedevelopment status of China’s railways, inland waterways and highways, this articleexplores the static and dynamic differences in the level of the inter-provincialtransportation development. In the second place, this article uses MAXdea to estimateChina’s30provinces’ freight transportation efficiency, and decomposed into puretechnical efficiency and scale efficiency. Later, it adopts GIS which is used for mapvisualization description to investigate the time and spatial features of China’s freighttransportation efficiency. In the third place, this paper explores the factors whichaffect the differences of freight transportation efficiency through choosing indexesfrom six aspects of the level of economic development, human capital, freightstrength, market size, industrial structure features infrastructure, which is based onspatial panel Durbin model. The results show that: the level of economic development,human capital, freight strength, market size, industrial structure features andinfrastructure both have significant direct effects which play a promoting role in itsfreight transport efficiency; while the level of economic development, freight strength,industrial structure features and infrastructure have a significant effect on otherprovince’s freight transport efficiency. It reflects the improvement of inter-provincialfreight transport efficiency is mainly through the province and neighboring provincesspatial spillovers embodied interaction. At last, this paper gives some policies abouthow to improve the efficiency of inter-provincial goods transportation.