The Efficiency Research Of Main Ports In China Based On DEA

The “two belt one road” strategy brings great opportunity to the ports in our country. Ports as the hub of transportation network are not only the beginning or terminal of the rail transportation but also the important support of water transport, and ports make an important role in regions, because they promote the development of trade and business. Under the development opportunity, how to improve the competitiveness of the port becomes the key point for the decision maker. The port efficiency is the important embodiment of port competitiveness, furthermore, effective evaluation is advantageous to ports to understand their own efficiency levels, as well as the factors that affect the port efficiency, also it benefits ports to find out the gap with the advanced ones and provide guidance for port resource allocation and management optimization, this has far-reaching significance for promoting port competitiveness and sustainable development.After comparing the port efficiency research method, this paper adopts data envelopment analysis(DEA) to study the efficiency of Chinese main ports. However, the traditional DEA models can’t be complete ranking, and don’t consider the effect of different external environment and random error on the efficiency research of ports, also don’t consider the undesirable output like carbon dioxide emission. In order to solve the three problems, this paper establishes the full ranking model, three-stage DEA model and SBM model to study the port efficiency. First of all, use the traditional DEA model to measure the efficiency of Chinese main ports, and analyze the efficiency results. Because there may be many effective decision making units that the efficiency value reach 1 at the same time, using the balance index method achieves full ranking of decision making units, it makes a more intuitive understanding of the Chinese port exiting efficiency; secondly, for the ineffective ports, we apply stochastic frontier analysis to analyze the influence of the environment variables and random error to the input slack, then adjust the input by the regression results and calculate the efficiency once again. Just from the management perspective analyze ports efficiency,indicates the promotion direction for the allocation of resources and management level of ports enterprises. At last set up the port environment efficiency evaluation model, analyze the effect of carbon emission and compare with the efficiency values that don’t consider carbon emission.The research results show that: the comprehensive efficiency of Chinese main ports is low, the scale efficiency ineffective is the main reason, that exist input congestion and output deficiency phenomenon; different external environment makes significant impact on ports efficiency, after excluding the environmental factors and the random error, the pure technical efficiency generally improved; compare the original efficiency values with the adjusted values, the results show that the ports values with good external environment reduce, while the ports efficiency values with bad external environment and luck increase, the underestimation efficiency can be recovered. The carbon dioxide emission makes negative effect on the port efficiency, and the efficiency values generally become lower.